“新印度教特性”的泛起、特点与发展困境——以印度人民党在泰米尔纳德邦的实践为例

“Neo-Hindutva”and its Emergence,Characteristics and Developmental Dilemmas:The Case of the BJP in Tamil Nadu

自2014年印度人民党上台以来,"新印度教特性"成为印度政治最显著的特色。"新印度教特性"是印度教民族主义者顺应时代变化以及印度人民党为实现政治抱负所掀起的新一波"藏红花色浪潮"。"新印度教特性"是被本地化、现代化和日常化改造后的"印度教特性"的新形式,其从地理范围、组织运作、言论表述和国家观念构建四个方面对"印度教特性"进行了拓展和修订。同"印度教特性"一样,"新印度教特性"建立在历史虚无主义之上,过于强调同质性建设,而疏于公平性发展。印度人民党在达罗毗荼运动影响深远的泰米尔纳德邦的实践充分体现了"新印度教特性"的特点及发展困境。

Since BJP took office in 2014,“Neo-Hindutva”has become the most striking characteristic of Indian politics.“Neo-Hindutva”is a new“saffron wave”set off by the political ambitions of the BJP and which reflects changes in Hindu nationalism in response to the current era.“NeoHindutva”reflects the localization,modernization and integration of Hinduism into daily life.It represents an extension and revision of Hindutva in four respects:through the range of its geographical focus;its organizational modality;the terminology it applies;and its construction of the concept of nation.Similar to Hindutva,“Neo-Hindutva”is formed on the basis of historical nihilism,overemphasizing homogeneity while neglecting equitable development.In Tamil Nadu,which is deeply influenced by the Dravidian Movement,the BJP’s approach illustrates the characteristics and developmental challenges of“Neo-Hindutva”.