肠道微生物代谢产物参与动脉粥样硬化的研究进展

Advances in the study of intestinal microbial metabolites involved in atherosclerosis

肠道微生物群像一个内分泌器官,能产生多种生物活性代谢物,影响宿主的健康。近来研究发现,肠道微生物的代谢组成变化在肥胖、高血压、慢性心脏和肾脏疾病中起重要作用。多项研究表明,肠道微生物衍生的许多代谢物与动脉粥样硬化事件密切相关,如三甲胺N-氧化物(trimethylamine N-oxide,TMAO)、胆汁酸(bile acid)、短链脂肪酸(short-chain fatty acids,SCFAs)、尿毒症毒素(uremic toxins)以及多酚(polyphenols)等。虽然目前代谢组学的应用已对这些微生物代谢物进行了准确的表征和定量分析,但其作用机制尚不明确。本文对肠道微生物代谢产物在动脉粥样硬化发展中的作用作一综述,为预防或治疗动脉粥样硬化提供新的策略。

Similar to human endocrine organs,the gut microbiota can produce a variety of bioactive metabolites that affect the health of the host.Recent studies have found that the changes in the metabolic composition of gut microbiota play an important role in obesity,hypertension,chronic heart and kidney diseases.Several studies have shown that many metabolites derived from gut microbiota,such as trimethylamine N-oxide(TMAO),bile acid,short chain fatty acids(SCFAs),uremic toxins,and polyphenols,are closely associated with atherosclerotic events.Although current applications of metabolomics have accurately characterized and quantified these microbial metabolites,mechanisms of their actionsremain unclear.In this review,we summarize different roles of various gut microbial metabolites in the development of atherosclerosis,in the hope of providing new strategies for the prevention or treatment of atherosclerosis.