基于脑电微状态分析的模拟飞行多任务脑力负荷敏感性研究

Study on Mental Workload Sensitivity during Multitasking in Simulated Flight Based on EEG Microstate Analysis

为探讨脑电微状态用于测量飞行活动脑力负荷的可行性,比较4类脑电微状态参数在不同脑力负荷下的变化。12名男性受试者依次完成高、低负荷的模拟飞行多任务,采用模拟飞行目标追踪、仪表监视、突发事件处理的多任务作为任务模型。每项任务完成后填写NASA-TLX量表,任务过程中采集受试者脑电信号。采用聚类方法分析脑电微状态,提取反映认知活动的A、B、C、D 4类脑电微状态时间参数,比较其在不同脑力负荷任务下的变化。结果表明:与低负荷任务相比,高负荷任务下的NASA-TLX评分升高且任务绩效降低(P<0.05);高负荷任务下的微状态A和微状态C的持续时间、微状态C的覆盖率以及微状态A和微状态C之间的转移概率降低(P<0.05),而微状态D的频率和覆盖率以及微状态A和微状态C之间的转移概率升高(P<0.05)。高脑力负荷可导致微状态A和微状态C的参数降低而微状态B和微状态D的参数升高,微状态参数对脑力负荷的变化具有一定的敏感性。

To explore the feasibility of using EEG microstates to measure the mental workload in flight activities,and to compare the changes of four kinds of EEG microstate parameters during different mental workloads,12 male subjects were asked to successively complete high and low load multitasks during simulated flight.A simulated piloting multitask was adopted as the task model,which could simulate flight target tracking,meter monitoring and emergency handling.NASA-TLX scale was filled in after each task,and the EEG signals of the subjects were collected throughout the task.Clustering method was used to analyze the EEG microstate and extract the time parameters of EEG microstate A,B,C and D,which could reflect the cognitive activity.The changes of EEG microstate time parameters under different mental workload tasks were compared.The results showed that compared with the low load task,NASA-TLX score increased and the task performance decreased during the high load task(P<0.05).The duration of microstate A and microstate C,the coverage of microstate C,and the transition probability between microstate A and microstate C were reduced during high load task(P<0.05).The frequency and coverage of microstate D,the transition probability between microstate A and microstate C increased during high load task(P<0.05).High mental workload could lead to the decrease of microstate A and microstate C and the increase of microstate B and microstate D,and microstate parameters were sensitive to the changes of mental workload.