空间多环境因素对机体的复合生物学效应研究进展

Research Progress of Combined Biological Effects of Space Environmental Factors

空间环境能引起生物体基因组完整性破坏、基因表达改变以及线粒体功能障碍等效应,增加机体健康风险。综述了微重力与空间辐射、弱磁等空间环境因素对机体复合作用的最新研究进展,包括复合作用对骨骼、神经系统、循环系统和生殖系统等的影响、相关机制研究及目前存在的争议,并针对研究现状提出空间环境单因素生物学效应是空间复合因素研究的关键,通过提高空间研究资源利用效率以及地基实验研究和仿真模拟相结合等策略来应对天基和地基研究的不足,以期为进一步探究空间环境因素的生物学效应及其机制提供借鉴。

Space environment can induce changes in genomic integrity, gene expression and mitochondrial dysfunction, thus leading to increased health risks. In this paper, the latest research progress of the compound effects of microgravity and space radiation/hypomagnetic field on the organisms was summarized including the effects on the bone, the nervous system, the circulatory system and the reproductive system, as well as the underlying mechanisms and the existing controversies. Moreover, it was pointed out that the deficiency of both space-and ground-based researches could be compensated by improving the utilization efficiency of space research resources and the combination of the ground-based experiments and the simulation studies. It may serve as a reference for further study of the biological effects and mechanisms of space environmental factors.