凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)不同品系生长与耐高盐性状配合力及杂种优势分析

ANALYSIS OF COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS ON GROWTH TRAIT AND SALINITY TOLERANCE OF DIFFERENT LITOPENAEUS VANNAMEI POPULATIONS

凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)是优质经济虾类,为培育出具有更多不同优良经济性状的优质亲本,亟需开展杂交育种工作。以凡纳滨对虾5个不同品系进行不完全双列杂交产生的F1代资料为分析对象,利用统计学和混合线性模型对生长及耐高盐性状进行配合力和杂种优势分析。结果显示,对于生长性状,5个品系中检测到的一般配合力(GCA)效应值较低,实验环境下生长性状主要受特殊配合力的影响,Z♂×Z♀、P♂×XH♀2个组合生长性状的非加性效应明显,特殊配合力(SCA)效应值分别为0.69和0.30;对于耐高盐性状,品系P、S的GCA效应值最高,分别为0.83和0.53,P♂×XH♀、S♂×S♀2个组合耐高盐性状SCA效应值最高,分别为2.67和3.37;生长和耐高盐性状配合力方差组分结果显示,3个性状的特殊配合力方差占表型方差比例均高于一般配合力;5个杂交组合中体质量和高盐耐受性状的平均杂种优势范围分别为–19.23%~18.07%和–10.50%~20.97%。P♂×XH♀组合在生长和耐高盐性状方面杂种优势明显,可以考虑加强该组合在选育及生产方面的应用。

Litopenaeus vannamei is a high-quality economic shrimp.To cultivate high-quality parents with better economic traits,it is urgent to carry out cross breeding of it.Therefore,incomplete diallel crosses from 5 strains of L.vannamei were performed and the combining ability and heterosis of growth and salinity tolerance traits in the F1 were statistically analyzed.Results show that,for growth traits,the effect value of general combining ability(GCA)in 5 strains was inferiority,and the growth in the experimental environment was mainly affected by special combining ability(SCA).The non-additive effect of Z♂×Z♀,P♂×XH♀groups in growth traits was obvious,and the SCA effect value was 0.69 and 0.30,respectively.For high-salt tolerance traits,the GCA effect value of the strains P,S was the highest(0.83 and 0.53),and the SCA of P♂×XH♀,S♂×S♀group was the highest(2.67 and 3.37).The analysis of variance of combining ability on growth and salinity tolerance trait showed that,3 traits of SCA variances were higher than those of GCA.The average heterosis ranges of body weight and salt tolerance traits were–19.23%~18.07%and–10.50%~20.97%,respectively.P♂×XH♀combination had obvious heterosis in growth and high salt tolerance traits.Therefore,application of the combination in breeding and production shall be promoted in the future.