母乳喂养对比配方奶喂养对足月新生儿组织血氧饱和度、血红蛋白浓度指数及肠道菌群的影响

Effects of breastfeeding versus formula feeding on the tissue oxygen saturation,hemoglobin concentration index and intestinal flora in full-term newborns

目的:对比母乳喂养与配方奶喂养对足月新生儿组织血氧饱和度、血红蛋白浓度指数及肠道菌群的影响。方法:选取2020年6月至2020年12月500例于上海市第一妇婴保健院出生的足月新生儿为研究对象,按喂养方式的不同分为母乳喂养组(n=238)与配方奶喂养组(n=262)。比较两组新生儿生长发育指标(体重、身长、头围)、组织血氧饱和度[脑组织血氧饱和度指数(cerebral tissue oxygenation index,cTOI)、肠道组织血氧饱和度指数(splanchnic tissue oxygenation index,s TOI)]、血红蛋白浓度指数[脑组织血红蛋白浓度指数(cerebral tissue hemoglobin index,cTHI)、肠道组织血红蛋白浓度指数(splanchnic tissue hemoglobin index,s THI)]及肠道菌群(乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌)。结果:两组婴儿在喂养30 d后的体重、身长、头围指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但母乳喂养组婴儿的体重增长值显著高于配方奶喂养组(P<0.05)。母乳喂养组cTOI在喂奶时先明显升高,喂奶后下降(P<0.05),cTHI在喂奶时、喂奶后呈明显上升趋势(P<0.05);但配方奶喂养组中婴儿的cTOI、sTOI、cTHI、sTHI在喂奶前、喂奶时、喂奶后的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与配方奶喂养组相比,母乳喂养组cTOI在喂奶时和喂奶后均较高,喂奶后sTHI、sTOI则均较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与配方奶喂养组相比,母乳喂养组婴儿肠道菌群中双歧杆菌水平明显更高(P<0.05)。结论:母乳喂养相较于配方奶喂养有利于新生儿体重增长,能够提高婴儿cTOI、cTHI水平,并可能有助于改善肠道菌群。

Objective:To compare the effects of breastfeeding and formula feeding on tissue oxygen saturation,hemoglobin concentration index and intestinal flora in full-term newborns.Methods:A total of 500 full-term newborns born in our hospital from June 2020 to December 2020 were selected as the research subjects and divided into a breastfeeding group(n=238)and a formula feeding group(n=262)according to different feeding methods.The growth and development indices(body weight,body length,head circumference),tissue oxygen saturation[cerebral tissue oxygenation index(cTOI),splanchnic tissue oxygenation index(sTOI)],hemoglobin concentration index[cerebral tissue hemoglobin index(cTHI),splanchnic tissue hemoglobin index(sTHI)]and intestinal flora(lactic acid bacilli,bifidobacteria)were detected and compared between the two groups.Results:There were no significant differences in body weight,length and head circumference between the two groups after 30 days of feeding(P>0.05),while the weight gain of breastfeeding group was significantly higher than that of formula feeding group(P<0.05).In breast-feeding group,cTOI increased significantly at first and decreased after feeding(P<0.05),while cTHI increased significantly during and after feeding(P<0.05).But the trend of cTOI,sTOI,cTHI,sTHI in formula feeding group was not statistically significant before,during and after feeding(P>0.05).Compared with the formula feeding group,the cTOI of breast feeding group was higher than that of formula feeding group during and after feeding,while the sTHI and sTOI were lower after feeding(P<0.05).Compared with the formula feeding group,the bifidobacterium level in the intestinal flora in the breastfeeding group was significantly higher(P<0.05).Conclusion:Compared with formula feeding,breastfeeding is beneficial to weight gain of newborns,and it can improve the level of cTOI and cTHI,and may help to improve the intestinal flora.