混合工质有机朗肯循环研究综述

Review of studies on organic Rankine cycle with zeotropic mixtures

在能源危机、气候变化的时代背景下,有机朗肯循环(ORC)作为一种低温余热资源利用的有效途径,得到广泛的研究及工业应用。混合工质作为该领域的研究热点,在能否提高ORC循环性能等问题上观点截然相悖。本文从工作原理、循环性能评价、工质筛选和工艺优化等方面对混合工质ORC展开分析及研究,以探究争议的核心及解决途径。研究结果表明:混合工质ORC的争议主要源于缺乏统一的优化及评价基准,普遍采用的以尽可能大的相变温度滑移为约束条件,有可能降低混合工质性能;混合工质的组分调控特性表现出巨大潜力,结合组分调控的工艺设计、相变温度滑移的定量优化、实验及中试是未来应重点关注的研究方向。

To cope with the challenges of energy crisis and climate change,organic Rankine cycle(ORC)has been widely studied and applied as an effective strategy to utilize low temperature waste heat.However,it is still unclear whether zeotropic mixtures can improve the performance of ORC.To clarify this issue and findout the solutions,the working principle,cycle performance evaluation,working fluid selection and process optimization of ORC with zeotropic mixtures are analyzed.The results show that,the lack of a unified standard to optimize and evaluate the system is the main reason leading to conflicting conclusions.The commonly used method that uses the maximum possible phase change temperature glide as the constraint may destroy the cycle performance.Regulating the composition of zeotropic mixtures is a promising strategy,which needs to be studied as the focus.In addition,process design based on composition adjustment,quantitative optimization of temperature glide,experimental and pilot-scale testing are identified as other research focuses.