科技创新券政策的扩散机制研究——面向282个地级市的事件史分析

Research on the Diffusion Mechanism of Innovation Voucher Policy:An Events History Analysis for 282 Prefecture-Level Cities in China

科技创新券是当前中国政府支持中小企业自主创新的新型政策工具。自江苏宿迁首次试点后,越来越多的城市开始推行创新券,但该政策的扩散机制却鲜有研究。本文基于2012—2019年282个地级市的面板数据,利用事件史分析方法,从内部动机、政府资源和能力、领导人特征、府际关系等维度建立分析框架,探究科技创新券政策扩散的特点及影响因素。研究发现,科技创新券政策扩散呈现典型的S形时间曲线,东部地区具有明显的先发优势;经济发展水平、政府规模、市委书记年龄、市委书记学历、中央政府压力和省内城市采纳率会显著影响该政策的采纳。研究结果对理解地方政府政策创新扩散的逻辑、加快科技创新券的进一步推广具有启示意义。

Innovation voucher is an important new policy tool for Chinese government to support independent innovation of SMEs.Since the first pilot in Suqian,Jiangsu Province,more and more cities have introduced innovation vouchers.But the diffusion mechanism of this policy is rarely studied.This paper established an analytical framework from the perspectives of internal motivation,government resources and capabilities,leaders characteristics and intergovernmental relations.Based on the panel data from 282 prefecture-level cities across the country from 2012 to 2019,event history analysis method was used to explore the characteristics and influencing factors of the innovation voucher policy diffusion.The results show that the innovation voucher policy conforms to the S-shaped time curve in the time dimension,and the eastern region has obvious first-mover advantage in the spatial dimension.Meanwhile,the level of economic development,the size of the government,the age and the education background of the secretary of the municipal party committee,the pressure of the central government and the adoption rate of cities in the province will significantly affect the adoption of the policy.The research results have implications for understanding the logic of policy innovation diffusion of local governments and accelerating the further promotion of innovation vouchers.