农业经营主体技术采纳行为差异化的实践形态、形成原因及其影响

Practical Patterns,Causes and Implications of Differentiated Technology Adoption Behaviour of Agricultural Operators

本文探讨异质性农业经营主体技术采纳行为和农户分化类型之间的关系。研究发现:贫弱小农户、兼业农户、种植大户和农业企业4类不同的农业经营主体技术采纳行为的差异化特征受到农户资源禀赋差异和家庭生命周期的显著影响。农业企业对基层农技推广体系的吸纳机制挤压了小农户技术需求空间,不利于现代农业技术的大规模推广,并影响当地苹果种植结构优化升级;小农户的分散性和兼业化程度不断加深,会进一步加剧农资市场的混乱局面。据此提出针对性政策建议,以期促进农技推广服务精准投放,满足不同农户的技术需求。

This paper explores the relationship between the technology adoption behaviour of heterogeneous farming agents and the types of farm household differentiation.The study finds that the differentiated characteristics of technology adoption behaviour of four different types of agricultural operators-poor and weak smallholders,part-time farmers,large farmers and agricultural enterprises-are significantly influenced by differences in farmers resource endowments and household life cycles.The absorption mechanism of agricultural enterprises into the grassroots agricultural extension system will squeeze the technology demand of small farmers,which is not conducive to the large-scale promotion of modern agricultural technology and will affect the optimization and upgrading of the local apple cultivation structure;the increasing fragmentation and part-time work of small farmers will further aggravate the chaotic situation of the agricultural market.Accordingly,targeted policy recommendations are put forward to promote the precise delivery of agricultural extension services and to meet the technical needs of different farmers.