儿童心理问题的家庭治疗原则与策略

Principle and strategies of family therapy on psychological problems for children

儿童心理问题的常规治疗包括心理治疗和药物治疗,但是两者具有一定的局限性和社会不适性。家庭对儿童的成长具有重大影响,也是儿童出现心理问题的重要源头,所以家庭的介入对于心理问题儿童的治疗非常关键。家庭治疗的主要原则包括培养儿童的独立性、解决儿童与外界之间的冲突以及重视家庭成员间的和谐关系。家庭治疗所采取的策略主要是转变家庭内部态度、重视家庭的整体性、心理治疗和家庭治疗的互相配合以及对医学诊断的重视。在专业医学诊断指导下,通过家庭介入传统的心理治疗,从而更好地改善儿童所面临的心理问题。本文回顾了现有的儿童心理问题的研究成果,强调了家庭对儿童心理问题的影响,总结了儿童心理问题的家庭治疗原则和策略。

The conventional treatment of children’s psychological problems includes psychological therapy and drug therapy,but both of them have certain limitations and social discomfort.Family has a significant impact on the growth of children,but also an important source of children’s psychological problems,thus the intervention of family is a key to the treatment of children with psychological problems.The main principles of family therapy include the cultivation of children’s independence,the resolution of conflicts between children and the outside world,and the emphasis on harmonious relations between family members.The strategies adopted in family therapy are mainly to change the attitude within the family,to emphasize integrity of family,to cooperate psychological therapy with family therapy,and to attach importance to medical diagnosis.Under the professional medical diagnosis and guidance,through the family intervention of traditional psychological therapy,it is able to better improve the psychological problems faced by children.Based on the existing research of children’s psychological problems,this paper reviewed the influence of family on children’s psychological problems,and summarized the principles and strategies of family treatment of children’s psychological problems.