两种风险评估模型在无尘车间正己烷作业岗位健康风险评估中的应用

Application on 2 risk assessment model of occupational health risk assessment of N-Hexane in dust-free workshop

目的应用定性法和半定量综合指数法对无尘车间正己烷作业岗位进行职业健康风险评估,探索两种模型在无尘车间正己烷风险评估的适用性,并为无尘车间正己烷作业岗位健康风险管理提供参考依据。方法选取存在无尘车间正己烷作业岗位的3家线路板制造企业作为研究对象,对3家企业的职业卫生情况和现场卫生学进行调查,应用定性法和半定量综合指数法评估无尘车间正己烷岗位的职业健康风险等级,比较两种模型风险评估结果。结果 3家线路板制造企业无尘车间存在正己烷的岗位有印刷、调油、涂布、曝光、检菲林,上述岗位既往均未发生过正己烷职业病或疑似职业病。定性法评估各正己烷岗位的风险等级均为4级,风险比值均为4级(高风险)。半定量综合指数法评估各正己烷岗位的风险等级为3级,风险比值均为3级(中等风险)。两种评估模型在无尘车间正己烷岗位的风险评估结果完全不一致。结论半定量综合指数法比较适合在无尘车间正己烷作业岗位的职业健康风险评估,可以比较客观反映无尘车间正己烷作业岗位的职业健康风险。

Objective To evaluate the occupational health risk level of the n-hexane in dust-free workshop by the qualitative method and the semi-quantitative comprehensive index method,and explore the applicability of the 2 models in the evaluation of n-hexane in dust-free workshops,so as to provide a reference for n-hexane occupational health risk management in dust-free workshop. Methods 3 circuit board manufacturing companies with n-hexane positions in dust-free workshop were selected as the research objects and the occupational hygiene and on-site hygiene of 3 circuit board manufacturing companies were investigated.The qualitative method and the semi-quantitative comprehensive index method were used to evaluate the occupational health risk level of the n-hexane in dust-free workshop,and compare the risk assessment results of the 2 models. Results There were n-hexane posts in dust-free workshops of 3 circuit board manufacturers,including printing,oil blending,coating,exposure and film inspection.No occupational disease or suspected occupational disease of n-hexane has occurred in the above posts before.The risk grade of each n-hexane post assessed by qualitative method was grade 4,and the risk ratio was grade 4(high risk).The semi-quantitative comprehensive index method assessed the risk level of each n-hexane post as grade 3,and the risk ratio was grade 3(medium risk).The risk assessment results of the 2 assessment models in n-hexane post in dust-free workshop were completely inconsistent. Conclusion The semiquantitative comprehensive index method is more suitable for occupational health risk assessment of n-hexane in dust-free workshops.The comprehensive index method can more objectively reflect the occupational health risks of n-hexane in dustfree workshops.