流产后关爱行为对未生育女性避孕和生育影响的研究

Study on the effect of post-abortion care on contraception and reproduction of nulliparous women

目的探讨流产后关爱行为对未生育女性避孕方式、生育结局的影响,为预防女性重复流产提供理论指导。方法选择2019年7月—2019年10月温州市人民医院接诊的流产女性患者306例作为研究对象,以随机数表法分为对照组和研究组各153例,对照组患者接受常规人工流产服务,研究组患者在流产后给予关爱行为服务(PAC)。比较两组患者流产后心理状况,避孕行为与态度,避孕、流产知识知晓情况,并随访6个月至2020年4月,评估其对两组患者生育的影响。结果实施流产服务后,两组患者SAS、SDS评分均明显降低,且研究组比对照组更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。流产服务后,两组避孕行为、避孕态度评分均明显提升,且研究组比对照组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者避孕、流产知识知晓情况评分高于对照组,坚持有效避孕的比例高于对照组,再次妊娠及重复流产的发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论流产后关爱行为能够有效改善未生育女性流产后焦虑、抑郁等不良心理,改善患者的避孕行为和态度,提高其避孕、流产认知,有利降低重复流产风险。

Objective To explore the effect of post-abortion care on contraception and reproduction of nulliparous women,provide theoretical guidance for preventing repeated abortion.Methods From July 2019 to October 2019,306 abortion women were selected from Wenzhou People's Hospital,then they were divided into control group and study group according to random number table,153 women in each group.The cases in control group were treated with routine service after induced abortion,and the cases in study group were treated with post-abortion care.The mental statuses after abortion,contraceptive behaviors and attitudes,cognition scores of contraception and abortion knowledge in the two groups were compared,all the patients were followed up till April 2020,lasting for six months,the effect on reproduction was evaluated.Results After abortion service,SAS and SDS scores in the two groups decreased significantly,especially in study group(P<0.05).After abortion service,the scores of contraceptive behaviors and attitudes in the two groups increased significantly,especially in study group(P<0.05).The cognition scores of contraception and abortion knowledge in study group were higher than those in control group,the proportion of persisting effective contraception in study group was higher than that in control group,the incidence rates of re-pregnancy and repeated abortion in study group were lower than those in control group,there were statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion Post-abortion care can effectively improve adverse emotions,such as anxiety and depression,improve contraceptive behaviors and attitudes and cognition scores of contraception and abortion knowledge,which can reduce the risk of repeated abortion.