碱性盐胁迫对水稻苗期矿质离子吸收与分配的影响

Effects of Saline-Alkali Stress on Mineral Ion Absorption and Distribution of Rice Seedling

选择耐盐碱性较强的水稻回交导入系材料JE、JI1、JI2、JH1、JH2及回交亲本JJ(吉粳88),在温室内进行水培,以50 mmol/L的Na_(2)CO_(3)和Na HCO_(3)(摩尔比9︰1)作为盐碱处理,研究对苗期水稻植株Na+、K+、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、Fe^(2+)、Zn^(2+)、Mn^(2+)、Mo^(2+)等矿质离子的影响。结果表明:碱性盐胁迫下,Na^(+)含量显著增加,大量Na^(+)向叶片分配,导致植株体内阳离子显著增加,破坏了植株体内的离子平衡;K+含量降低,叶片的降幅小于根系,K^(+)在叶片中分配比例增加,从而保持较高的K+/Na+比,使植株少受盐害;叶片中Ca^(2+)和Mo^(2+)含量降低,而根系中含量增加;Mg^(2+)含量未见显著变化;Mn^(2+)含量降低,以根系中降幅显著;Fe^(2+)、Zn^(2+)含量呈现增加趋势。与JJ相比,耐盐碱性较强的JE、JH1、JH2、JI1、JI2叶片中K^(+)/Na^(+)、Ca^(2+)/Na^(+)、Mg^(2+)/Na^(+)比较高,Na^(+)所占TC(阳离子总量)和MC(单价阳离子总量)比例较低。

Rice backcross import line JE,JI1,JI2,JH1,JH2 and its backcross parent JJ(Jijing 88)were selected forhydroponics in greenhouse.50 mmol/L Na_(2)CO_(3)and Na HCO_(3)(molar ratio 9∶1)were used as saline-alkali treatment.Mineral elements of Na^(+),K^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),Fe^(2+),Zn^(2+),Mn^(2+),Mo^(2+)contents were measured to study the effect on riceseedllings.Result showed that the Na+content in rice seedling was positively increased under saline-alkali stress.Alot of Na+was distributed to the leaves and the high concentration of cation in the plant tissue disturbed the ion ho-meostasis.The K+contents in rice seedling was decreased under saline-alkali stress,while the K+content in leavesdecreased less than that in roots.The distribution ratio of K+in the leaf increased,thus maintaining a higher K+/Na+ratio,so that the plant was less affected by saline-alkali stress.The content of Ca^(2+)and Mo^(2+)in leaves decreased,while the content in roots increased.The Mg^(2+)content did not changed significantly.The Mn^(2+)content in rice seed-ling decreased,especially in roots.The content of Fe^(2+)and Zn^(2+)showed an increasing trend.Compared with JJ,theK^(+)/Na+,Ca^(2+)/Na^(+),Mg^(2+)/Na^(+)ratio in leaves of the salt-tolerant varieties(JE,JH1,JH2,JI1,JI2)are higher,and thepercentage of the Na+contents of total cation and monovalent cation was lower.