农村劳动力市场的工资不平等

The Wage Inequality in China’s Rural Labor Market

本文根据中国居民收入分配课题组2013年和2018年的两次住户调查数据,测算了农村劳动力市场上的工资差距及跨期变化。本文发现,从收入决定方程来看,农村教育回报率较低,工作特征是影响农村居民工资的最主要因素。基于G·Fields分解发现,工作特征、区域、个体特征和家庭背景对总体工资不平等的解释力度依次下降。对于人群间工资差距的研究发现,尽管区域特征有助于缩小性别工资差距,但各种可观测特征对工资不平等的解释力度较弱,系数效应是农村性别工资差距的最主要来源。

This paper analysis wage inequality in rural labor market using the survey data of CHIP2013 and CHIP2018.Based on an extended Mincer equation, we find that the return rate on education in rural is low and job characteristics are the most important factor affecting rural residents’ wages.We further discuss the wage inequality using G·Fields Decomposition, which indicates that work characteristics, regional, individual characteristics, and family background are sequentially declining the interpretation of overall salary inequality..Research on gender wage gap shows that although regional characteristics help to narrow the gender wage gap, the explanatory power of various observable characteristics is weak, and the coefficient effect is the main source of rural gender wage gap.