提速线路钢轨轨面短波不平顺实测分析

Analysis of Rail Short-wave Irregularity of the Speed Increased Tracks

研究目的:随着列车速度的提高,线路诱发的振动噪声问题越来越明显,其根源之一在于轨面短波不平顺。由于车辆轨道类型、运营和养护方式等因素的差异,相应的轨面短波不平顺分布状况与特性也不同,在开展减振降噪研究时,对提速线路短波不平顺的分布规律和平顺度进行调查分析也是十分必要的。本文基于沪昆线跨区间无缝线路轨面不平顺现场实测,通过最大幅值统计分析和1/3倍频分析等方法对测试数据进行分析处理。研究结论:(1)钢轨焊接接头的轨面平顺度普遍较差,即使是接触焊焊接接头,其轨面平顺度也远差于非接头区,在一般情况下,焊接接头的轨面不平顺达0.5 mm/m以上;(2)非接头区的轨面平顺度一般较好,大多数测点的轨面不平顺小于0.15 mm/m,个别达到0.2 mm/m左右;(3)根据1/3倍频程分析,钢轨焊接接头的轨面不平顺在各波段都大于ISO 3095:2005标准值,最大轨面不平顺水平超过标准值15 dB,一般情况下为5 dB;(4)非接头区的轨面平顺性都较好,轨面不平顺值都小于标准值,一般较标准值小5 dB,最大的要小于10 dB;(5)通过对提速线路轨面短波不平顺的幅值分布特性及平顺度评价,可为提速线路的减振降噪研究提供数据支持和参考。

Research purposes: With the increase of train speed, the problems of vibration and noise induced by train become more and more obvious. The main cause is short-wave irregularities. Due to the difference of vehicles, track type, operation and maintenance methods, the distribution and characteristics of rail short wave irregularity are also different. It is also necessary to investigate and analyze the distribution law and the smoothness of short wave irregularity for speed-up lines’ rail surface. Based on the field measurement of rail surface irregularity in Shanghai-Kunming railway inter-district seamless line, the test data was analyzed and processed by statistical analysis of maximum amplitude and 1/3 octave analysis in this paper.Research conclusions:(1) The smoothness of rail surface in joint areas of CWR track is worse in common. In general,the amplitudes of rail surface irregularities can get beyond 0. 5 mm/m.(2)The conditions of rail surface regularities in non-joint areas are better, and the rail surface irregularities from most of the test points are lower than 0. 15 mm/m,and some are about 0. 2 mm/m.(3) According to the 1/3 octave analysis, the rail surface irregularity of welded rail joints is greater than ISO 3095:2005 standard value in all bands, and the maximum rail surface irregularity level exceeds the standard value of 15 dB, generally 5 dB.(4) The smoothness of rail surface in non-joint areas is good, and the value of the rail surface irregularities is less than standard values, generally 5 dB less than the standard value, and the maximum is less than 10 dB.(5) By analysis and evaluation of the amplitude distribution characteristics and the smoothness of the surface irregularity of the speed-up line, this paper can provide data support and reference for the vibration and noise reduction of the speed-up line.