里约奥运会中国女排比赛“卡轮”现象的呈现特点与技战术成因

Characteristics and Technical and Tactical Causes of“Lock-round”with Chinese Women’s Volleyball Team in Rio Olympics

采用数理统计法和比赛观摩法,对里约奥运会中国女排比赛"卡轮"现象的呈现特点和技战术成因进行分析.结果显示,里约奥运会中国女排比赛"卡轮"现象持续的竞技单元越长越有利于赢得局次,且在不同类型局次的阶段、分差、竞技单元数量间作用效果类似.中国队和对手"卡轮"现象的类型均主要为进攻主导型和混合型,且以发球破坏对方一传为起点,其中,对手进攻主导型通过一反后的强攻或快攻,混合型利用中国队主攻无法参与进攻后的拦网实现;中国队进攻主导型同样以拦起后强攻实现,混合型更多强调提前预判识破对方进攻战术的有效拦网.

Using mathematical statistics and competition observation methods,this paper analyzes the characteristics and technical and tactical causes of the“lock-round”phenomenon in Rio Olympics with the Chinese women’s volleyball team.The results show that the longer the competitive unit of the“lock-round”,the more conducive it is to win a game,and the effects are similar among the stages,points difference and the number of competitive units in different types of games.The“lock-round”with the Chinese women’s team and its opponent are both mainly offensive-oriented type and mixed type,and the starting point is serving to break the opponent’s first pass.The opponent’s offensive-oriented type is realized through strong and fast attacks after one counter attack,and the mixed type is achieved through blocking when the Chinese volleyball ace spiker is unable to take part in the attack.The Chinese team’s offensive-oriented type is also realized through strong and fast attack after blocking,while the mixed type emphasizes more on effective blocking after early detection of the opponent’s offensive tactics.