肠道菌群及免疫调节与儿童哮喘关系的研究进展

Novel Developments in the Relationship of Gut Microbiota and Immune Regulation with Childhood Asthma

支气管哮喘(以下简称哮喘)是一种常见的慢性呼吸系统疾病,严重威胁人类健康。迄今为止,全球约有3亿多人患有哮喘,其中儿童居多。流行病学调查研究显示,我国0~14岁儿童哮喘患病率为2.32%,且呈明显上升趋势。对于儿童而言,免疫系统发育不全且肠道菌群正处于生理性演替过程,极容易发生肠道菌群失调,导致肠黏膜屏障的破坏以及局部免疫失调,进而严重影响儿童哮喘的发生发展。本文将论述儿童哮喘发生、发展的免疫调节作用机制与肠道微生物的关系,并基于肠道菌群探讨干预措施,为哮喘的治疗提供新思路。

Bronchial asthma,commonly known as asthma,is a frequently seen chronic respiratory disease that seriously threatens human health.More than 300 million people have had asthma worldwide,and most of them are children.Epidemiological investigations have shown that the prevalence of asthma among Chinese children aged 0-14 is 2.32%,and it is increasing year by year.Children are more prone to gut flora imbalance due to underdeveloped immune system,and physiologically successional changing of gut flora,which leads to the destruction of the intestinal mucosal barrier and local immune imbalance,eventually causing the development of asthma.We reviewed the latest advances in the immune regulatory mechanism of childhood asthma,and its association with gut microbiota,as well as interventions targeting gut microbiota,providing new ideas for the treatment of childhood asthma.