西汉对羊纹金饰片探析

Probe into the Gold Plaque with a Dual Argali Pattern in Western Han Dynasty

西汉高等级墓葬中发现有一种对羊纹金饰片,从现有资料来看,它起源于战国晚期的燕赵地区,是草原文化影响之下燕赵工官设计制作的产品。西汉早中期是其主要流行时期,生产机构以诸侯国工官为主,使用者包括诸侯王和高等级贵族。其最开始的用途可能是剑鞘等的装饰物,后来则成为墓葬中面罩、漆纱冠等的饰件。对羊纹金饰片的接受和传播过程,反映了战国至西汉时期汉人对北方草原文化的容受,其在纹饰、用途等方面的一些变化,则是本土化的具体表现。

A kind of gold plaque with a dual argali pattern was unearthed in some high-grade tombs of Western Han Dynasty.According to the existing data,it originated in Yan and Zhao regions in the late Warring States Period and was designed and produced by the craftsmen in Yan and Zhao under the influence of grassland culture.It went popular in early and middle Western Han Dynasty and was produced by the craftsmen in the vassal states and used by the feudatory kings and the high-class nobles.Initially,it was probably used as scabbard ornament,and then as ornament on the masks and gauze crowns.It was believed that the process of acceptance and dissemination of the gold plaque with a dual argali pattern reflected the Chinese Han’s acceptance of grassland culture in the north from the Warring States period to Western Han Dynasty.And some changes in patterns and usage showed that the gold plaque had been localized.