新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下献血者招募措施高效实施的探索

Efficient measures for blood donor recruitment,under the COVID-19 epidemic

目的新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情期间,做好疫情防控的同时,探索传统献血者招募途径如何高效开展,保障深圳市临床医院用血供应。方法2020年1月31日~3月31日,组建"抗疫情、保供血"无偿献血宣传招募先锋队,党员领导干部带头参与,大力增加队伍开展传统招募方式(电话、短信)的投入,加强街头现场献血招募。统计此期间3种招募方式的献血招募效果数据并同2019年同期比对。结果此期间通过招募回来献血者共计19752名,电话和短信2种途径招募回来的献血者共计4109名,占比20.81%;现场招募回来献血者有15643名,占比79.19%;可见现场招募为传统献血招募的主要途径,现场招募更具说服力。电话招募成功率为11.66%(2034/17448),短信招募成功率为3.92%(2075/52915),2者均显著高于2019年同期的7.55%、2.36%(P<0.05)。疫情期间总共招募19752名献血者,人口特征与2019年同期献血人群相比较,发现人口构成特征中的本地户籍、年龄30~49岁、本科及以上学历因素在此特殊期间招募成功的比例占比高于2019年同期(P<0.05),而性别、初次/重复献血者因素在2个期间的比对无差异(P>0.05)。结论在紧急特殊时期,通过组建团队、提高凝聚力、科学防疫、科学招募、效果评估可实现应急献血招募;招募献血对象,可在本地户籍、中年人(30~50岁)、学历较高群体进行重点攻关招募,效果将更好。

Objective To explore ways to recruit blood donors effectively,so as to ensure blood supply for hospitals in Shenzhen with good compliance with the requirements concerning COVID-19 prevention and control.Methods From January 31 to March 31,2020,a recruiting vanguard lead by Party members aimed at“COVID-19 control,blood supply security”was established.Otherwise,the traditional recruiting(via telephone/SMS)and on-site(on the streets)recruiting were also enhanced.The effects of the above three recruitment methods during this period,relative to the same period in 2019,were counted and analyzed.Results A total of 19752 blood donors were recruited,and more were recruited by on-site(15643,79.19%)than by telephone and SMS(4109,20.81%),as on-site recruitment was more persuasive than the traditional one.The success rates of telephone recruitment and SMS recruitment were 11.66%(2034/17448)and 3.92%(2075/52915),respectively,and both were significantly higher than that in the same period in 2019(7.55%and 2.36%)(P<0.05).And the proportion of donors with local registered residence,aged 30-49 and bachelor degree or above in this period were significantly higher than those in the same period in 2019(P<0.05),but with no significant differences in gender or first-time/repeated blood donors(P>0.05).Conclusion In times of emergency,efficient recruiting method could be achieved by grouping a vanguard,conducting scientific measures,and carrying out effect evaluation.Besides,preference could be given to donors with local registered residence,middle-age(30~50 years old)and better educated background.