新冠肺炎疫情下采供血事业发展现状调研分析

Investigation on the development of blood collection and supply under COVID-19 epidemic

目的了解2020年全国各地采供血机构受新冠肺炎疫情影响的无偿献血工作面临的问题以及相应对策,为广大无偿献血工作者提供参考借鉴。方法由中国输血协会献血动员专业委员会发放《2020年疫情期间采供血情况调研表》,对全国采供血机构进行专项数据调研。结果收回115个城市的有效数据,获得采供血机构在2019~2020年新冠肺炎疫情期间全血和血小板采集情况、临床用血情况以及为确保疫情期间临床用血所采取的工作措施等指标的详细数据。2020年115家供血机构全血采集总量(13262724.36 U)较2019年同期(13935131.5 U)下降4.83%,血小板采集总量(1582494.5治疗量)与2019年(1581139.5治疗量)持平;115个采供血机构2020年红细胞临床使用总量(14257441.67 U)比2019年(14801404.19 U)同比下降3.68%,血小板临床使用总量(1738546.42治疗量)与2019年(1731037.70治疗量)基本持平,在各级政府的支持下,采供血机构通过组织团体应急献血、预约献血、电话短信招募固定献血者、加大媒体宣传报道、启动血液预警机制等方式,基本保障了疫情期间的临床供血。结论政府重视突发公共事件中的血液安全工作并发挥主导作用;预约献血、通过电话和短信招募固定献血者在应急献血中发挥重要作用;加大媒体宣传报道力度,有效发挥正面引导作用;采供血机构与医疗机构密切配合,协调临床用血的应急管理,采取多种措施开源节流,有效保障疫情期间临床血液供应。

Objective To investigate the voluntary blood donation status across China under COVID-19 epidemic in 2020 and the corresponding countermeasures,so as to provide reference for blood center staff.Methods A questionnaire of Survey of Blood Collection and Supply under COVID-19 Epidemic in 2020 was issued by Blood Donor Mobilization Committee of Chinese Blood Transfusion Association to conduct the data survey on blood collection and supply institutions nationwide.Results The valid data of 115 cities were collected,and detailed data of whole blood and platelet collection,clinical blood consumption,and measures taken to ensure clinical blood use under COVID-19 epidemic from 2019 to 2020 were obtained.The total volume of whole blood collection in the 115 blood supply institutions in 2020(13262724.36 U)decreased by 4.83%compared with the same period in 2019(13935131.5 U),and the total units of platelet collection(1582494.5 U)was basically the same as that in 2019(1581139.5 U).The total clinical consumption of RBCs from the 115 blood banks in 2020(14257441.67 U)decreased by 3.68%compared with that in 2019(14801404.19 U),and the total clinical consumption of platelets(1738546.42 U)was basically the same as that in 2019(1731037.70 U).With the support of governments at all levels,blood banks have basically guaranteed the clinical blood supply under the epidemic by organizing group blood donation for emergency,making appointments for blood donation,recruiting regular blood donors by phone and text messages,strengthening media publicity and launching haemovigilance.Conclusion The government attaches great importance to blood safety in public emergencies and plays a leading role.Making appointments for blood donation,recruiting regular blood donors through telephone and text messages and strengthening media publicity play an important role in emergency blood donation.Blood banks should cooperate closely with hospitals to coordinate emergency management of clinical blood,and took various measures to broaden sources and reduce transfusions,so as to effectively guarantee clinical blood supply during the epidemic.