我国自由贸易试验区的设立与推广模式——基于fsQCA的省际比较分析

On the establishment and promotion mode of pilot free trade zones in China:An inter-provincial comparative analysis based on fsQCA

为了探讨我国自由贸易试验区的设立与推广模式,运用模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)的方法,通过构建多重理论的分析框架,对31个省级区域进行定性比较研究。研究发现:第一,自由贸易试验区的设立模式不依赖单个条件,而是由地理位置、产业结构、劳动力要素等多个条件共同作用的结果。第二,设立模式主要分为开放产业引致和要素集聚推动两类。开放产业引致类的核心条件是地理位置和产业结构,并受市场规模、交通条件等的影响;要素集聚推动类的核心条件是劳动力要素、区域中心度等要素组合,并受市场规模、对外开放环境等的影响。第三,从推广模式看,自贸区的推广过程适用于自贸区设立存在的开放产业引致类和要素集聚推动类两种模式,并且新疆、内蒙古可能下一批设立自贸区。

To explore the establishment and promotion mode of pilot free trade zones in China,the method of fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)is adopted to build a multi-theoretical analysis framework and conduct a qualitative comparative analysis on 31 provincial-level regions.Our study finds that first of all,the establishment mode of pilot free trade zones doesn’t rely on a single condition,but is the result of multiple conditions,such as geographic location,industrial structure,and labor factors.Secondly,the establishment mode can be mainly divided into two types:open industry-induced and factor agglomeration-driven.The core conditions of open industry-induced establishment are geographic location and industrial structure,and they are affected by market size and traffic conditions,etc.The core conditions of factor agglomeration-driven establishment are the combination of factors such as labor factors and regional centrality,and they are affected by market size and opening-up of environment.Thirdly,from the perspective of the promotion mode,two types of establishment modes of free trade zones,that is,open industry-induced and factor agglomeration-driven apply to the promotion process of free trade zones.Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia may become the next batch of areas to establish free trade zones.