科研机构衍生企业与母体资源关系的演变趋势及其能力进阶路径——基于单案例探索性分析

The Evolution Trend of the Relationship between Spin-offs of Scientific Research Institutions and Parent Resources and Their Ability to Advance Path:Exploratory Analysis based on a Single Case

基于兴科公司从母体香饮所内部网络的资源脱嵌为研究样本,通过探索性单案例研究方法,以科研机构衍生企业与母体科研机构的依赖、冲突与调整为主线,采用动态视角,探讨科研机构衍生企业与母体机构资源关系相互演变的过程中,如何实现能力的进阶。结论表明:科研机构衍生企业在创建初期,主要通过技术嵌入、管理嵌入、业务嵌入和角色嵌入等4种形式嵌入到母体机构的内部网络中;随着衍生企业进一步的发展,母体机构资源嵌入将导致衍生企业生存能力的主观、客观、外部和内部刚性;而衍生企业可通过强化技术自主创新、避免管理认知障碍、构建外部网络市场、降低战略角色投入等路径提升科技创新能力、组织管理能力、市场适应能力以及战略决策能力,从而突破母体机构资源嵌入的刚性束缚实现能力进阶。

Compared with other newly established enterprises,the spin-off enterprises of scientific research institutions often have inherent advantages.In the initial stage of establishment,the parent scientific research institutions receive technical,knowledge,and capital support,but as the main body of market activities,their ability to create value is improved Can not be completely attached to the mother’s tissues.Based on the perspective of resource embedding,this paper summarizes the dynamic evolution process of the relationship between the spin-off enterprise of scientific research institutions and the parent institution,trying to reveal the following questions:In the development process of the spin-off company,does the parent scientific research institution continue to maintain control over the spin-off company,or allow the spin-off company to grow on its own?What are the obstacles that spin-off companies may face in improving their ability to adapt to the market environment?How do spin-off companies solve the difficulty of capacity improvement to achieve capacity advancement?Based on Xingke’s resource extraction from the internal network of the mother body fragrance drink shop as a research sample,a single-case exploratory research method was used for analysis.First of all,the purpose of the research is to answer the question of"how"spin-off companies break the rigid constraints of the parent institution’s resource embedding and"how"to achieve advanced capabilities.It is essentially a case study of"how"and"how"categories,and a single case should be used.Exploratory research methods;secondly,this study explores the autonomous growth path of spin-off companies is a complex cross-layer process research,the use of a single case longitudinal study is conducive to the detailed discussion of this process;finally,the longitudinal case study helps according to the development time of the enterprise the line sorts out the key events and identifies the triggering factors of the key events in different situations.The spin-off company achieved rapid development in the early stage of its establishment through reliance on the parent’s R&D technology,reliance on organization and management,reliance on business channels,and reliance on strategic roles.Under the rapidly changing policy context,increasing market competition,constantly changing technological structure,and rapidly innovating business models,the continuous resource embedding of parent scientific research institutions will lead to the objective technology,subjective perception,external market,and internal strategic capabilities of derivative companies rigidity hinders its further development.Through case data analysis,spin-off companies can break through the rigidity of capabilities embedded in the parent resources of scientific research institutions through measures such as technological independent innovation,management cognitive innovation,building external markets,and leading strategic roles,so as to promote spin-off companies’technological innovation capabilities,organizational management capabilities,market adaptation.capabilities and strategic decision-making capabilities.First,in the initial stage of spin-off business establishment,the resource support provided by the parent scientific research institution can enable spin-off business to grow rapidly.There are various types of resource support,including technical capital,human capital,social capital,and organizational capital.Second,the continuous embeddedness of spin-offs will lead to rigid capacity enhancement.The embeddedness brought about by resource support will cause derivative companies to stabilize in capacity improvement,form rigidity in capacity improvement,and hinder the development of derivative companies.Third,spin-off companies should seek a dynamic balance between the embedding and de-embedding of the internal network of the parent scientific research institution according to the changes in the market environment and their own development needs,and break through the objective rigidity,subjective rigidity,external rigidity and internal rigidity of their capabilities."Strengthen technological independent innovation","avoid management cognitive barriers","build an external network market",and"reduce strategic role investment"to achieve advanced capabilities.