福州新区建设背景下生态脆弱性的演变研究

Evolution of Ecological Vulnerability in Fuzhou New District Under Construction

福州新区是国务院2015年批复建设的全国第14个国家级新区,对国家的“一带一路”建设具有重要支撑作用,深入研究快速建设背景下该区的生态脆弱性演变有助于其理性规划与发展。以新区批复前后的2014、2016、2018、2020年四期Landsat-8 OLI遥感影像为数据源,结合新区自然生态与干扰特征,选取土地利用类型、归一化植被指数、归一化建筑指数、改进的归一化差值水体指数、土壤类型、人类干扰指数、坡度、地形起伏度、景观分离度指数及景观分维度指数等10个指标,基于熵权与综合指数法定量研究该时期福州新区的生态脆弱性演变特征。结果表明,福州新区有较好的生态本底,在开发建设的过程中,生态脆弱性呈现先升高后降低的趋势,其中,高山城镇群片区和江阴产城片区的生态脆弱性呈上升趋势,生态质量变化较剧烈,面临着生态恶化的风险,应高度重视该区域生态与经济建设的协调性。

Fuzhou new district is the 14th national new-district approval by the state council in 2015,which has an important supporting role for“the Belt and Road Initiatives”.An in-depth study of the ecological vulnerability evolution of the area under the background of rapid construction will help its rational planning and development.This paper takes the four phases of Landsat-8 OLI remote sensing images in 2014,2016,2018,and 2020 before and after the approval of the new district as the data source,combined with the natural ecology and disturbance characteristics of the new area.It selects 10 indicators,including land use type,normalized difference vegetation index,normalized difference built-up index,modified normalized difference water index,soil type,human disturbance index,slope,terrain relief,landscape separation index and landscape dimensional index,to quantitatively study the evolution characteristics of the ecological vulnerability of Fuzhou new district based on entropy weight method and comprehensive index method.The results show that:Fuzhou new district has a good ecological background;during the development and construction process,the ecological vulnerability increased first and then decreased;among them,the ecological vulnerability of the Gaoshan town group area and Jiangyin industrial city area has been on the rise,and the ecological quality has changed;more severe,facing the risk of ecological deterioration,we should attach great importance to the coordination of ecological and economic construction in the region.