论儒家哲学的“春意”与中国哲学的“新生”

On the“Breath of Spring”in Confucian Philosophy and the“Beginning of Birth”in Chinese Philosophy

"春"与"仁"相关联的儒家哲学思想史程包含三个逻辑环节。在《周易》自然哲学中,春与东方草木建立关联;由"五行"思想的发展而与"仁"之德行建立关联;宋明时期,"仁"包举四德,上升为本体,春遍在四季,本体与价值具有一体性,指向生生不息的生命共同体的存在。宋明道学所发现的"春意"与佛家的春意之区别包含三个面向:一是重新肯定了人的存在价值;二是指向人的存在的同时,同时指向物、并且实有其物;三是心物不仅同源而且同趋,境界中有着明确的价值论指向。发展的春意,比较的春意到内在的春意,仁本体的发现使得宋代文化及中国哲学近世精神的"内在自然"向度被真正发现。"天人合一"思想的当代发展是"人与自然和谐共生的现代化",它植根于中华优秀传统文化,与马克思主义基本原理相结合,启发中国式现代化道路和人类文明的新类型的探索,这正是中国哲学当代开展新生的春意。

The history of Confucian philosophy related to“spring”and“benevolence”contains three logical links.In the natural philosophy of The Book of Changes,spring is related to the eastern vegetation;ideological development of the“five elements”is related to the virtue of“benevolence”;during the Song and Ming Dynasties,“benevolence”included the four virtues and lived up to the ontology.Because spring runs through the four seasons,the ontology and value are integrated,pointing to the existence of an ever-growing community of life.The differences between“spring vividness”discovered by Daoism in Song and Ming Dynasties and that of Buddhism include three aspects.The first is to reaffirm the value of human existence;the second is to point to the existence of human beings,and at the same time to point to things,and to have real things;the third is that the mind and the things are not only homologous,but also tend to be the same,and there is a clear axiological direction in the realm.From the development of the spring vividness,the comparative analysis of spring vividness to the inner spring vividness,the discovery of the ontology of“benevolence”,which forged the“inner nature”dimension of Song culture and the modern spirit of Chinese philosophy.The contemporary development of the idea of“Unity Of Man And Nature”is the“modernization of the harmonious coexistence between man and nature”.It is rooted in the excellent traditional Chinese culture,and is combined with the basic principles of Marxism to inspire the exploration of the Chinese way of modernization and a new type of human civilization,which is exactly the new spring vividness of the contemporary development of Chinese philosophy.