“子”尾词在澄江话中的不同形式

Different Forms of Word Ending with“Zi(子)”in Chengjiang Dialect

澄江话属于西南官话滇中方言小片,其形成与元明清的江淮、北方官话和四川方言关系密切。一些普通话"子"尾词,澄江话不加后缀"子",而采用重叠、儿化、儿化重叠等几种不同形式,体现出名词形态发展的不同情况。澄江话"子"尾词采用名词重叠形式主要受四川方言影响,采用儿化形式主要受老南京方言影响,儿化重叠则是两种方言影响的叠加,反映了方言接触的历史层次和影响的多样性,在多方言的接触和影响中,不仅有某一方言特征的延续,也形成方言影响的叠加。

Chengjiang dialect belongs to the Central Yunnan dialect area of the Southwest Official Dialect,and its formation is closely related to the Jianghuai,Northern official dialects and Sichuan dialects in the Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties.Some words that end in“zi(子)”in Mandarin do not have the suffix“Zi(子)”but take different forms,such as overlap,er(儿)diminutive,and er(儿)diminutive overlap in Chengjiang dialect,reflecting the different development of noun morphology.The overlapping form of the noun is mainly influenced by the Sichuan dialect,while the er(儿)diminutive form is mainly influenced by the old Nanjing dialect,and the er(儿)diminutive overlap is influenced by the two dialects,reflecting the historical level of dialectal contact and the diversity of influences.In multi-dialect contact and influence,there is not only the continuation of a particular dialect feature,but also the emergence of features influenced by multiple dialects.