论吴树声《诗小学》“因声求义”的训诂方法

On Wu Shusheng’s Exegetical Method of “Seeking Meaning from Sound” in Shixiaoxue

清代吴树声《诗小学》在《诗经》训释史上具有重要的地位。此书对《诗经》的训诂方法得当,立论公允,颇多创获,这在其运用"因声求义"方法进行训释时表现尤为突出。其"因声求义"之方法,主要表现在"明假借""探语源""通转语""明古音古韵"等方面。

Wu Shusheng’s Shixiaoxue plays an important role in the history of The Book of Songs. In this book, the exegetical method of The Book of Songs is proper, the theory is fair, and there are a lot of achievements, which is particularly prominent when it uses the method of "seeking meaning from sound" to explain the book. The method of "seeking meaning from sound" is mainly manifested in "understanding the hypothetic metonymy" "probing the source of language" "understanding the transcriptions""understanding the ancient sounds and ancient rhymes" and so on.