液晶高分子聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺自组装及应用研究进展

Research on the self-assembly and application of liquid crystal polymer poly(p-phenylene terephtalamide)

聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺(PPTA)是一种溶致液晶高分子,其取向结构构成的纤维材料力学性能优异,在众多领域有不可或缺的应用价值。但是PPTA不熔难溶的特点使其加工性差,严重限制了PPTA应用的扩展。将PPTA自组装成纳米纤维,并进一步将纳米纤维组装成宏观材料是解决PPTA加工难题的一个有效策略。本文对近年来PPTA的自组装方法进行了简要综述,重点介绍了以单体为起点,通过原位自组装结合其他自组装方法制备出不同形态、功能及应用的宏观材料多级自组装策略。这一多级自组装策略实现了对液晶高分子PPTA的加工,丰富了其产物种类,并有望应用于其他液晶高分子的自组装中。

Poly(p-phenylene terephtalamide)(PPTA)is a kind of lyotropic liquid crystal polymer.Fiber material consisted of oriented PPTA molecules has excellent mechanical strength and is necessary in many important areas.However,the poor processability of PPTA due to its non-melting and insoluble characteristics seriously limits the expansion of PPTA application.Self-assembly of PPTA into nanofibers and further processing the nanofibers into macroscopic materials is an effective strategy to solve the problem of PPTA processing.This paper briefly reviews the self-assembly methods of PPTA in recent years,and mainly introduced the fabrication of different kinds of macroscopic materials from monomers through the combination of in-situ self-assembly and other self-assembly methods.This multi-level self-assembly strategy realizes the processing of liquid crystal polymer PPTA,enrich the product variety,and is expected to be applied to the self-assembly of other liquid crystal polymers.