黄梅禅茶气候适宜性区划及气象灾害分析

Climatic Suitability Zoning and Meteorological Disaster Analysis of Huangmei Zen Tea

利用鄂东地区16个常规气象站1991—2020年气象资料,结合以往的研究结果,建立禅茶气候适宜性区划指标,并通过统计分析方法建立气候区划因子的空间统计模型,结合GIS技术对禅茶气候适宜性进行分析,得出禅茶气候适宜性区划,分析黄梅禅茶种植存在的气象灾害风险。结果表明:(1)黄梅禅茶种植的气候适宜性自北向南呈明显递减趋势,最适宜区和较适宜区占该县国土面积的22.1%。(2)最适宜区为海拔500~1 200 m的大别山中,主要集中在四祖、五祖、老祖寺周边等地,可大面积种植高品质禅茶;较适宜区为海拔100~500 m的山脉和中部丘陵等地,可小面积种植;不适宜区为海拔100 m以下的中部丘陵及南部平原。(3)影响禅茶种植的气象灾害主要有低温冻害、高温热害和阴雨寡照。

Based on the meteorological data of 16 conventional meteorological stations in Eastern Hubei from 1991 to 2020,combined with the previous research results,the climate suitability zoning index of Zen tea is established, and the spatial statistical model of climate zoning factors is established by statistical analysis method;Combined with GIS technology, the climate suitability of Zen tea is analyzed, the climate suitability zoning of Zen tea is obtained, and the meteorological disaster risk of Huangmei Zen tea planting is analyzed. The results showed that:(1)the climate suitability of Huangmei Zen tea decreased significantly from north to south,and the most suitable area and more suitable area accounted for 22.1% of the land area of the county.(2) The most suitable area is the Dabie Mountain with an altitude of 500~1200 m, which is mainly concentrated around the four ancestors, five ancestors and Laozu temple, and can plant high-quality Zen tea in a large area;The more suitable areas are mountains and central hills with an altitude of 100 ~ 500 m, which can be planted in a small area;The unsuitable areas are the central hills and southern plains below 100 m above sea level.(3)The meteorological disasters affecting the cultivation of Zen tea mainly include low temperature freezing injury, high temperature heat injury and cloudy and rainy days.