基于声景资源时空分布特征的自然保护地自然宁静管理与规划

Management and Planning of Natural Tranquility of Protected Area Based on Spatio-Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Soundscape Resources

声景作为自然资源对于生态系统具有重要意义,为进一步保护自然保护地生态系统完整性,保护地声环境须合理管理与利用。中国现有声环境研究集中于建成环境,尚未深入研究保护地声环境的规划管理途径。参考国际先进声景规划管理经验,以时空分布特征为切入点研究了美国与欧洲国家相关案例,并以云南大山包自然保护区为实际案例提出规划管理建议。研究基于现状声景特征,通过时空手段调控保护区声环境的方法,首次提出中国自然保护地声环境相应管理指标与阈值。研究可对自然保护地声环境管理起到借鉴作用,对于国土空间规划中具有生态保护价值区域的声环境标准制定也具有参考意义。

As a natural resource,soundscape is of great significance to the ecosystem.In order to further protect the integrity of the ecosystem in protected area,the local acoustic environment needs to be managed and utilized rationally.The existing acoustic environment researches in China focus on the built environment,and the approaches of planning and managing the protection of the acoustic environment are yet to be deeply studied.With reference to the international advanced soundscape planning and management experience,this research studies relevant cases in the United States and European countries with spatial-temporal distribution as a cutting point.It also proposes planning management policies citing the Yunnan Dashanbao Nature Reserve as a practical case.It puts forward a method to control the acoustic environment of the protected area based on the characteristics of the current soundscape spatial-temporal distribution.It also raises for the first time in the country the corresponding management indicators and thresholds for the acoustic environment of natural reserves.The research can provide a reference for the management of the acoustic environment in protected area,and it is also of reference significance for the establishment of acoustic environment standards in areas with ecological protection value in the territory planning.