质疑与思考:软组织损伤康复中是否应摒弃冷疗?

Questioning and Thinking: Should Cold Therapy Be Abandoned in the Rehabilitation of Soft Tissue Injuries?

冷疗常被用于急性软组织损伤后的即时治疗,但由于其可能会延迟损伤部位愈合和恢复过程等不利影响,在实际应用中是否应该被摈弃成为了运动医学与康复医学领域极其关注的话题。文章对冷疗(尤其是传统冷疗方式)在软组织损伤康复中应用的相关质疑进行了总结与分析:包括冷疗的局部降温效果,冷疗对组织恢复与再生过程的影响,冷疗对机体功能表现的影响。文章指出,学界目前对冷疗有效性的争议多基于低质量的、异质性的文献,或来自于动物实验的证据。冷疗处方相关参数(如持续时间、应用频率等)的确定是寻求最佳冷疗方案的基础。建议进一步通过高质量研究验证冷疗疗效,并持续寻求可替代传统手段的新冷疗方法。

Cold therapy has been always utilized as an immediate treatment after acute soft-tissue injury. However, due to its potential negative effects on delaying the healing and recovery process of the injured site, whether it should be discarded in the clinical practice in the treatment of acute injuries has become a hot topic in sports medicine and rehabilitation medicine. This article summarizes the related doubts about the effectiveness of cold therapy, especially traditional cooling application, including its ability to reduce the local temperature, impacts on tissue recovery and regeneration process, and effects on functional performance. Meanwhile, the current article also brings the thought regarding the application of cold therapy and points out that the current controversy over the effectiveness of cold therapy is mostly due to the low-quality or heterogeneous research, or evidence with animal samples. Investigating the key elements related to the prescription of cold therapy(e.g., duration, frequency, etc.) is an important basis for seeking the best guideline of its application. Therefore, it is recommended to further determine the efficacy of cold therapy through high-quality research, and to continue validating new alternative cold modalities.