等长大腿中部拉测试在下肢肌肉力量诊断中的应用

Applications of Isometric Mid-thigh Pull Test in Lower Body Muscular Strength Evaluation

等长大腿中部拉(Isometric Mid-thigh Pull, IMTP)是一种多关节等长测试,常用于评价运动员的下肢力量和爆发力水平。近年来,随着测试设备的便携化,IMTP测试在国际竞技体育领域的广泛应用。对国外相关文献的梳理与总结表明,IMTP测试相较于传统动态测试与单关节等长测试有着简单高效且不易疲劳的特点,通过分析IMTP测试力——时间曲线得到的峰值力、发力率和冲量等指标信度较高,并与力量、爆发力、冲刺与变向等动态运动能力之间呈中度至高度相关关系。教练员和科研人员可以通过IMTP测试评价运动员的运动能力并监控其训练过程,准确掌握运动员的身体状态和对训练刺激的适应程度,并据此优化训练方案以进一步提升运动员的运动能力。

As a multi-joint isometric test, the isometric mid-thigh pull(IMTP) is commonly used to evaluate athletes’ lower body strength and power. With the portability of the testing device, IMTP has been used in high-performance sports worldwide. However, its application in China has never been reported before. Existing literature shows that the IMTP is more efficient and less fatigable compared with traditional dynamic test and single-joint isometric test. Besides, peak force, rate of force development, and impulse derived from the IMTP force-time curve are highly reliable and correlated with strength, power, sprint, and change-of-direction. Coaches and researchers could use IMTP to evaluate performance profile and monitor the training process, understand the training status and adaptation, and optimize training programs to further improve athletes’ performance.