视频宣传健康教育结合针对性护理干预在老年中重度哮喘患者中的应用效果及对患者自我管理能力、生活质量的影响

Application effect of video health education combined with targeted nursing intervention in elderly patients with moderate and severe asthma and its influence on patients′self-management ability and quality of life

目的探讨视频宣传健康教育结合针对性护理干预在老年中重度哮喘患者中的应用效果及对患者自我管理能力、生活质量的影响。方法选取2019年5月至2021年5月大连大学附属中山医院收治的80例老年中重度哮喘患者作为研究对象,采取随机数字表法将其分为观察组(40例)和对照组(40例)。对照组患者按照一般性护理方式进行护理干预,观察组采用视频宣传健康教育结合针对性护理干预。比较两组患者护理后的睡眠质量、自我管理能力、不良反应总发生率、生活质量,比较两组患者护理前后的哮喘发作次数和肺功能情况。结果观察组患者的睡眠效率、睡眠障碍、睡眠时间、入睡时间评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的哮喘相关知识掌握、用药依从性、自我护理能力、健康行为评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的躯体功能、生理职能、社会功能、情绪角色评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的不良反应总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者护理后的白天哮喘发作次数、夜间哮喘发作次数少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者护理前的用力肺活量、呼气峰流速、第1秒用力呼气容积比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组患者护理后的用力肺活量、呼气峰流速、第1秒用力呼气容积高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在老年中重度哮喘患者中应用视频宣传健康教育结合针对性护理干预的效果较为理想,不仅能够显著提升患者的睡眠质量,而且能提高患者自我管理能力,减少不良反应总发生率,从而提升患者的生活质量。

Objective To explore the application effect of video health education combined with targeted nursing intervention in elderly patients with moderate and severe asthma and its the influence on self-management ability and quality of life.Methods A total of 80 elderly patients with moderate to severe asthma who were admitted to Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Dalian University from May 2019 to May 2021 were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into observation group(40 cases)and control group(40 cases)by random number table method.The control group received nursing intervention in accordance with the general nursing mode,and the observation group received video health education combined with targeted nursing intervention.The sleep quality,self-management ability,total incidence of adverse reactions and quality of life were compared between the two groups after nursing,and the number of asthma attacks and lung function were compared between the two groups before and after nursing.Results The scores of sleep efficiency,sleep disorder,sleep time and sleep time in observation group were lower than those in control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The asthma-related knowledge mastery,medication compliance,self-care ability and health behavior scores in observation group were higher than those in control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores of physical function,physiological function,social function and emotional role in observation group were higher than those in control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The total incidence of adverse reactions in observation group was lower than control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The number of asthma attacks during the day and at night in the observation group were less than those in the control group after nursing,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in forced vital capacity,expiratory peak flow rate and forced expiratory volume in the first second before nursing between the two groups(P>0.05).The forced vital capacity,expiratory peak flow rate and forced expiratory volume in the first second in the observation group were higher than those in the control group after nursing,with statistical significances(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of video health education combined with targeted nursing intervention in elderly patients with moderate and severe asthma has an ideal effect,which can not only significantly improve patients′sleep quality,but also improve patients′self-management ability,reduce adverse reactions,so as to improve patients′quality of life.