城市新移民的方言能力、方言态度与社会融入——以重庆为例

Dialect Competence,Dialect Attitude and Social Inclusion of New Immigrants in Chongqing

采用问卷调查、变语配对测试、访谈相结合的方法,对重庆城市新移民的方言能力、方言态度及其在当地的社会融入度予以调查,并进行相关性分析。研究结果显示,重庆城市新移民的方言能力存在组间差异性。其中,智力型移民的方言能力最弱,投资型移民最强;研究群体对汉语普通话的态度显著高于重庆方言,主要体现在“情感认同”与“社会地位”维度;研究群体的社会融入度与方言能力、方言态度之间均存在显著相关性,且“情感认同”维度是影响研究群体的语言态度、进而影响其社会融入的重要因素。基于调查结果,文章从地区语言治理和话语规划两个方面给予相应的调适建议。

With methods of questionnaire,matched guise test and interview,this paper investigates the association between dialect competence,dialect attitude and social inclusion of new immigrants in Chongqing.The results show that the dialect competence of Chongqing\s new immigrants varies among groups;Language attitude of the study group towards Mandarin was significantly higher than that of Chongqing dialect,which was mainly reflected in“emotional identity”and“social status”aspects.There is a significant correlation among the study group\s social inclusion,dialect competence and dialect attitude.Moreover,“emotional identity”is an important factor that affects the study group\s dialect attitude and hence their social inclusion.Based on the results,the paper gives suggestions from regional language governance and discourse planning perspective.