基于聚类算法的医院门诊预约调度模型研究

Research on scheduling model of appointment in outpatient department of hospital based on clustering algorithm

目的:建立基于聚类算法的医院门诊预约调度模型,使门诊患者获得不同的优先顺序,缩短其候诊时间。方法:采用K均值聚类、聚集层次聚类以及马尔可夫决策过程(MDP)调度方法,建立医院门诊预约调度模型;将门诊患者分为高优先级和低先级两类,确定门诊患者的优先级并根据优先级类别分配容量。结果:通过门诊预约调度模型的流体近似方法估算MDP的最优解,提出的模型可应用于医院的数据集。根据门诊预约调度模型在每日门诊结束时对门诊患者进行排程,安排高优先级和低先级门诊患者在第2日预约,并在接下来的一周(7日)内继续此过程。结论:基于聚类算法的医院门诊预约调度模型能够为高优先级的门诊患者提供最佳预约,可在医院门诊患者的优先排序和调度中发挥重要作用。

Objective:To establish scheduling model of appointment in outpatient department of hospital based on clustering algorithm,so as to take patients in outpatient department to obtain different priority and shorten the queuing time of them for consultation.Methods:The scheduling methods included K-means clustering,assembled hierarchical clustering and Markov decision process(MDP)scheduling method were adopted to establish scheduling model of appointment in outpatient department of hospital.After patients in outpatient department were divided into two classifications included high priority grade and low priority grade,the priority grade of each patient was determined,and the capacity was allocated according to the classification of priority grade.Results:The fluid approximation method of scheduling model of appointment in outpatient department was used to estimate the optimal solution of MDP,and the proposed model could be applied to the data set of hospital.The schedule of patient in outpatient department was arranged according to scheduling model of appointment in outpatient department when outpatient department closed in every day.And the patients who were high priority grade and low priority grade were arranged to make an appointment in the next day.And this process was continued in the following week(7 days).Conclusion:The scheduling model of appointment in outpatient department of hospital on basis of clustering algorithm can provide optimal appointment for patients with higher priority grade in outpatient department,which can play important role in priority ordering and scheduling for patients in outpatient department of hospital.