荷兰开放政府数据的隐私风险控制研究

Government Open Data Privacy Risk Assessment and Prevention Control:the Dutch Experience

[研究目的]从隐私风险防控的角度,调查荷兰政府开放数据的隐私保护实践,为我国政府开放数据和隐私保护提供参考。[研究方法]利用文献调研和案例分析的研究方法,以荷兰为例,获取一手资料阐述荷兰政府开放数据中隐私风险防控的经验,对政府开放数据中个人隐私保护政策法规、隐私风险应对的数据处理规范与机构进行分析和概括。[研究结论]荷兰开放政府数据的隐私风险控制的优势在于,注重数据存储安全、关注数据聚合、个人数据保护制度比较灵活、强化国际合作;劣势在于,隐私保护政策缺乏更新、政府数据收费政策模糊、没有任命国家首席数据官、内政和王国关系部承担的决策和咨询责任非常少。在此基础上,提出优化个人信息保护的政策法规,确定个人数据处理原则,完善个人数据处理机构。

[Research purpose]From the perspective of privacy risk prevention control,this paper investigates the privacy protection practices of government open data in Netherlands,and to provide a reference for the development of policy of open data in China.[Research method]This paper takes Netherlands as an example,accesses to the first-handed materials from literature and discusses the experience of government open data privacy risk prevention in Netherlands,analyzes and summarizes the personal privacy protection policies and regulations in the open data of the government,the data processing standards and institutions for privacy risk response.[Research conclusion]The advantages of the privacy risk control of government data open in the Netherlands were on the following aspects:focusing on data storage security,data aggregation,flexible personal data protection system and strengthening international cooperation.The disadvantages are a lack of updating of privacy policies,vague government data charging policies,no appointment of a national chief data officer,and very little decision-making and advisory responsibility for the Department of Home and Royal Relations.On this basis,this paper put forward to improve policies and regulations on the protection of personal information,formulate principles for the processing of personal data,and improve institutions for the processing of personal data.