韩国的中东外交:现状、动因与前景

Republic of Korea’s Middle East Diplomacy:Current Situation,Motivations and Prospects

韩国的中东外交始于1957年与土耳其建交,至今已发展60余年。在政治关系上,以“推销外交”和“贡献外交”为主;经济外交方面,能源和基建合作仍然占据较大比例,高科技项目需求上升,官方发展援助继续维持;文化外交方面,“韩流”是主要资源。韩国中东外交愈加积极的动因是结构制约和需求激励,前者包括韩美同盟、日本和朝鲜因素的影响,后者涉及韩国和中东国家当前的现实需求。未来,韩国中东外交将更多地表现为参与中东区域安全和发展治理。

Republic of Korea’s Middle East diplomacy began with the establishment of diplomatic relations with Turkey in 1957,and it has been developing for more than 60 years.In terms of political relations,“Sales Diplomacy”and“Contribution Diplomacy”dominate;in terms of economic diplomacy,energy and infrastructure cooperation continue to occupy a large proportion,while demand for high-tech projects increases and ODA continues to be maintained;in terms of cultural diplomacy,“Hallyu”is the main resource.The motivations of ROK’s increasingly active Middle East diplomacy are structural constraints,which include the influence of the ROK-US alliance,Japan and PRK factors,and demand incentives,which relate to the current real needs of ROK and Middle Eastern countries.In the future,ROK’s Middle East diplomacy will be more manifested in participating in regional security and development governance in the Middle East.