美国高校高水平运动队建设经验与启示

Experience and Enlightenment on the Construction of High-Level Sports Teams in American Universities

运用文献资料、访谈与实地考察等方法,基于体教融合视角,研究美国高校高水平运动队建设经验,提出对我国的启示。美国高校高水平运动队建设经验:整体化,NCAA竞赛体系的资源整合;专业化,专职教练员配置助力专业化发展;系统化,目标一致性的系统化管理;科学化,科学训练与备赛助力训练质量提升。对我国的启示:赛事整合,构建中国特色高校高水平体育赛事体系;专业提升,专职教练员团队促进运动队专业化建设;系统管理,竞技成绩目标驱动运动队系统化构建;科学训练,协调"学训"关系,提升训练质量。

By using the methods of literature review,interview and field investigation,based on the integration of sports and education,this paper studied the experience of the construction of high-level sports teams in American universities and proposed its enlightenment to China.Experience on the construction of high-level sports teams in American universities:Integration,reflected in the integration of resources in the NCAA competition system.Specialization,reflected in the allocation of full-time coaches to facilitate professional development.Systematization,manifested in the systematic management of the goal consistency.Scientific,reflected in the scientific training and competition preparation to help improve the training quality.Enlightenment to China:We should integrate events to build a high-level sports event system with Chinese characteristics,promote professional development and build a professional coach team to promote professional construction of sports teams,realize systematic management and drive the systematic construction of sports teams with the goal of competitive performance,and conduct scientific training to coordinate the relationship between learning and training to improve the training quality.