云南省某县留守儿童跌落伤影响因素分析

Analysis of Influencing Factors of the Fall Injury of Left-behind Children in a Certain Country of Yunnan Province

目的:了解云南省某县留守儿童跌落伤发生的流行现况及影响因素,为预防儿童跌落的发生及制定相应干预措施提供理论支撑。方法:采用分层抽样法,在云南省某县5所中小学中随机选取2909名中小学生为调查对象,采用定性和定量相结合的方法调查其相关信息。结果:留守儿童中跌落伤发生率为23.01%;跌落发生原因排在前3位的依次是平地因推搡碰撞摔倒、滑倒或绊倒(35.4%),上下楼梯(26.4%),爬树或爬山(10.5%);跌落伤发生地点主要在家中(34.7%)、家附近(19.1%)和学校(16.6%);受伤部位多见于下肢(23.2%)、上肢和头面部(19.7%)。留守儿童跌落伤发生的危险因素为:性格外向(OR=1.632,P<0.05)、由祖辈照顾(OR=1.908,P<0.05),保护因素为:年级为中学(OR=0.611,P<0.05)、年龄为18岁(OR=0.424,P<0.05)。结论:云南省某县留守儿童跌落伤的发生率较高,是多因素共同作用的结果。留守儿童跌落伤的发生与性格、监护人类型、年级、年龄、是否寄宿等多因素相关,提示应加强对留守儿童的保护,改变教育方式,以减少儿童跌落伤的发生。

OBJECTIVE To understand the prevalence of fall injuries of left-behind children in a certain county in Yunnan,to prevent the occurrence of falls,and to provide theoretical support for the development of corresponding intervention measures.METHODS The stratified sampling method was used to select 2909 primary and secondary school students from five primary and secondary schools as the survey subjects,and a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods was used to investigate relevant information.RESULTS The incidence rate of fall injury of left-behind children was 23.01%;the top three causes of fall were flat ground due to pushing,collision,slipping or tripping(35.4%),going up and down stairs(26.4%),climbing trees or mountains(10.5%);fall injuries mainly occurred at home(34.7%),near home(19.1%),school(16.6%);injured parts were more common in lower limbs(23.2%),upper limbs and head and face(19.7%);left-behind children fell the risk factors for injury were outgoing personality(OR=1.632,P<0.05),being taken care of by ancestors(OR=1.908,P<0.05);protective factors were middle school(OR=0.611,P<0.05),the age of 18 years old(OR=0.424,P<0.05).CONCLUSION The incidence of fall injuries in left-behind children in a certain country of Yunnan was relatively high,and it was the result of multiple factors.The occurrence of intentional fall injuries in left-behind children was related to multiple factors such as different personality,guardian type,grade,age,boarding or not.It was reminded to strengthen the protection of dangerous groups and change the way of education to reduce the occurrence of fall injuries.