桥梁超载管控措施综合评价研究

Study on comprehensive evaluation of bridge overload control measures

选择有效的管控措施是减少桥梁超载现象的重要手段。为了探究适合的桥梁超载管控措施的评价方法,将常见的称重设备、限高杆和车型识别设备3种桥梁管控措施分为直接和间接指标控制两类,通过对比发现两类控制措施各有优缺点,提出并定义了超载管控措施的有效性和公平性,构建了以有效度、公平度、通行能力、费用和安全水平为指标的评价指标体系,分析定义了各指标的量化函数。根据评价指标权重计算的主观方法、客观方法和综合权重计算方法,构建了逼近理想解排序法TOPSIS的评价计算模型。评价分析了案例桥梁,结果表明:文章构建的评价指标体系和TOPSIS评价计算模型,对桥梁超载管控措施的综合评价具有可行性,采用综合权重方法对桥梁超载管控措施进行评价计算更加科学合理。

It is the key to finding an effective measure for decreasing bridge overload.In order to explore the suitable evaluation method for bridge overload control,three bridge common control measures of weighing equipment,height-limiting pole and vehicle type identification are divided into two categories of direct and indirect index control.Through comparison,it is found that the two types of control measures obtains advantages and disadvantages respectively.The validity and equity of overload control measures are proposed and defined.This paper establishes an evaluation index system with efficiency,fairness,traffic capacity,cost and safety level as the index,and explores the quantization function of each index.At the same time,the subjective method,objective method and comprehensive weight calculation method of evaluation index weight determination are analyzed as a way to build an evaluation calculation model of TOPSIS approximating the ideal solution ranking method.Through the evaluation and analysis of the case bridge,the results show that the evaluation index system and TOPSIS evaluation calculation model constructed in this paper are feasible for the comprehensive evaluation of bridge overload control measures.At the same time,it should be more scientific and reasonable to use the comprehensive weight method for the evaluation and calculation of bridge overload control measures.