不同水库短期防洪调度模型的比较研究

Comparative Study on Short-Term Flood Control Operation Models of Different Reservoirs

由于目标和约束相互冲突,以及需要实时做出可靠决策,水库系统的短期运行具有挑战性。基于模拟和优化的决策支持技术在洪水事件缓解中的应用,使用两个模型来支持工作人员做出决策,分别是以HEC-ResSim为代表的基于仿真的方法,以及RTC-Tools软件包和优化方法,并应用于江西省吉安市某大坝的洪水管理问题。利用极端洪水事件的最坏情况来评估包括高初始水位超过防洪池在内的模型的利弊,控制的目标是使供水效益最大化,即在事件结束时蓄满水库,同时下游河段洪水得到减缓。主要目的是讨论基于模拟和优化的决策支持技术在洪水事件交互缓解中的应用,并突出它们的优缺点。

Due to the conflict between objectives and constraints and the need to make reliable decisions in real time,the short-term operation of reservoir system is challenging.This study compares the application of decision support technology based on simulation and optimization in flood event mitigation.In this study,two models are used to support staff decision-making,which are simulation based method represented by HEC-ResSim,RTC-Tools software package and optimization method.These methods are applied to a complex flood management problem of a dam in Ji′an City,Jiangxi Province.The worst case of extreme flood events is used to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of models including high initial water level exceeding flood control basin.The objective of the control is to maximize the benefit of water supply,that is,to fill the reservoir at the end of the event and slow down the flood in the downstream reach.The main purpose of this paper is to discuss the application of decision support technology based on simulation and optimization in flood event interactive mitigation,and highlight their advantages and disadvantages.