紫叶矮樱不同栽培环境景观效果评价与应用模式研究

Study on Landscape Effect Evaluation and Application Model of Different Cultivation Environment of Prunus×cistena

以北京城市绿化应用的紫叶矮樱(Prunus×cistena)为材料,2017—2019年调查了其在不同栽培地点、不同光照环境的栽植应用情况,同时结合圃地的生长表现,对其生长状况与观赏效果进行综合评价。结果表明:紫叶矮樱在全光照环境栽植景观效果最好,半阴环境也可栽植应用,全阴环境对生长量无影响,但叶色基本呈绿色或绿色点缀红色。种植密度2~3 m为宜,可与黄色叶或观花果乔木、花灌木和地被植物搭配种植,呈现丰富的景观效果;也可孤植、片植或群植应用,形成常色叶群。栽植多年植株应注意每年修剪,保证通风透光,有利于叶片着色,同时加强土肥水管理,还需注意蚜虫、红蜘蛛、卷叶蛾和穿孔病危害。

Taking Prunus×cistena used in urban greening in Beijing as the material,its planting and application in different cultivation sites and different light environments were investigated in detail from 2017 to 2019.The results showed that the Prunus×cistena had the best planting effect in full-light environment,and it could also be planted in half-light environment.The shade environment had no effect on the growth,but the color of leaves was green,or green leaves were dotted with red.The suitable planting density of Prunus×cistena was 2-3 m,it can be showing rich landscape effect,which planted with yellow leaves or flowering and fruit trees,flowering shrubs and ground cover plants;it can also be used in isolated planting,clustered planting and flaky planting,to form a group of constant color leaves.After planting for many years,attention should be paid to the annual pruning,ensure ventilation and light transmission,which is conducive to the coloring of leaves.Meanwhile,the management of soil,fertilizer and water should be strengthened,and the harm of aphids,red spiders,leaf roller moths and perforation disease also should be paid attention to.