基于地理国情监测数据的绵竹市农村居民点景观空间格局分析

Landscape Spatial Pattern Analysis of Rural Settlement in Mianzhu City Based on Geographical and National Conditions Monitoring Data

以地理国情监测数据为基础,采用核密度估计方法和景观格局指数法,运用ArcGIS和Fragstats空间分析技术对绵竹市农村居民点景观格局指数进行空间格局特征分析,并侧重分析其与自然因素的关联性。结果表明:绵竹市农村居民点分布不均匀,居民点总体上呈“西北部稀疏,东南部密集”的分布状态,其数量和密度差异较大,斑块形状不规则。高程、坡向、坡度和河流等自然因素对绵竹市的农村居民点空间格局分布的影响较大:居民点主要分布在东、东南和南等坡向,随着离河流距离、高程、坡度的增加,农村居民点的个数、用地面积、集聚程度总体上呈减少的趋势,对居民点形状的影响较小。99.8%的居民点分布在498~898 m的高程带内;65.2%的居民点分布在东、东南和南坡向;92.3%的居民点分布在0~5°坡度内;51.5%的居民点分布在0~1000 m的河流缓冲带内。

Based on geographical and national conditions monitoring data,using kernel density estimation method and landscape pattern index method,the spatial pattern characteristics of the rural settlement landscape pattern indices in Mianzhu City were analyzed by using ArcGIS and Fragstats spatial analysis techniques,and the relationship between the landscape pattern indices and natural factors was emphatically analyzed.The results showed that the distribution of rural settlement in Mianzhu City was not uniform,and the residential areas were generally in a state of“sparse in the northwest and dense in the southeast”,with large differences in the number and density,and irregular patch shape.Natural factors such as elevation,slope direction and gradient,river had grater influences on the spatial pattern of rural settlement in Mianzhu City.Residential areas were mainly distributed in the east,southeast and south slope directions.With the increase of distance from the river,elevation and slope gradient,the number of rural settlement,the area of land used and the degree of aggregation were decreasing.The influences on the shape of settlements was small.99.8%of the settlements were located in the elevation zone from 498 m to 898 m;65.2%of the settlements were located in the east,southeast and south slope;92.3%of the settlements were located in the gradient from 0°to 5°,and 51.5%of the settlements were located in the river buffer zone from 0 m to 1000 m.