茉莉花文化的植物载体探讨

Exploration of Plant Carrier of Jasmine Culture

从植物学角度对茉莉花及其文化背景溯源探讨,通过“文献追述”“实地生境踏查”“回归比较”分析茉莉花文化的本源、传播以及演变,探索茉莉花文化植物载体传承演变。结果发现,茉莉(Jasminum sambac(L.)Ait.)的生物及生态学习性难以适应我国茉莉花文化兴盛的江浙一带的气候;当下所认为的“茉莉花随着佛教传入我国”这一史实存在诸多疑问;民歌《茉莉花》的植物载体曾被混淆;该文化传承存在诸多错位和断层。经综合分析后认为,佛教进入中原后,伴随佛教传播传承的茉莉花文化植物载体可能被中国广布的安息香科野茉莉类(Styrax spp.)所替代,与江南的热带木犀科茉莉(J.sambac)并存,共同承载着茉莉花文化的传播。

We discussed the jasmine and its cultural background to trace to the source from the botanical point of view.By the way of literature reviewing,habitats surveying and comparative analysis,the origin,propagation and evolution of jasmine culture were analyzed and explored.The results showed that the biological and ecological habits were difficult to adapt the climate in the area of Jiangsu and Zhejiang where the jasmine culture prevails in China;Also,there were a lot of doubts about the historical facts generally considered at the moment that jasmine was introduced into China with Buddhism;the plant carrier of folk song‘Jasmine’once confused;and there were many misplacement and faults.Comprehensive analysis showed that the plant carrier of jasmine culture was possibly substituted by Styrax spp.,which was widely distributed in China,and coexisted with jasmine(Oleaceae,Jasminum sambac)distributed in south China,and they jointly undertook propagation of jasmine culture.