后人类语境与文艺理论新动向

Posthuman Condition and New Trends of Literary Theories

后人类状态已经悄然成为人们的生活现实。这种状态势必对当前作为主流文化的人文主义既有的认知、伦理和审美体系产生冲击——一次全面的价值重估正在进行之中。作为后人类文化的一部分,在这种新文化形成的过程中,文艺活动的蜕变也正在发生,主要体现为泛文本化、融媒体、游戏产业大发展、科幻产业兴盛等新的现象。因应社会文化变革和文艺活动的新状态,文艺理论也迎来了新的契机。数字人文、生态后人类批评、人工智能语境中文艺本体论的探讨、以"元宇宙"为代表的新媒介研究等领域正在从后人类语境的外部撬动文艺理论的内部变革,并使之再次焕发生机。

Posthuman condition is becoming the reality of people’s life. This condition is bound to impact the existing cognition, ethics, and aesthetics of humanism: a comprehensive revaluation is underway. As part of the posthuman culture, literary and artistic activities are also transforming themselves in the formation of a new culture. The transformation is mainly reflected in new phenomena such as pan-textualization, media integration, game industry development, and science fiction industry prosperity. In response to the social and cultural changes and the new state of literary activities, literary and artistic theories are ushering in new opportunities. The fields of digital humanities, posthuman-ecocriticism, the discussion of literary ontology in the context of artificial intelligence, and the new media research represented by “Metaverse” are leveraging the internal reform of literary theory from the outside of posthuman context and make it revitalize again.