中东剧变与土耳其的政治和外交转型

The Upheaval in the Middle East and the Transformation of Turkey's Politics and Diplomacy

中东剧变给土耳其带来了前所未有的机遇和挑战。土耳其在正发党领导下,在政治层面实现了从议会制到总统制的政治体制变革,消除了未遂政变、里拉危机的重大威胁,在外交层面成功实现了由传统的凯末尔主义“国内和平、世界和平”的外交思想到“积极进取”外交政策的转型。面对中东剧变后纷繁复杂且危机四伏的中东局势,土耳其充分发挥其地缘政治优势,实现了对叙利亚北部地区的实际控制,确保了国家安全利益,还与利比亚民主团结政府签署了地中海划界协议,参与了地中海油气资源争夺,在一定程度上维护了土耳其的战略利益与安全利益。在中东剧变带来的内外影响下,土耳其不断推动政治改革进程,国内政权得以巩固,在地区事务中的影响力和主导权也明显上升。

The upheaval in the Middle East have brought unprecedented opportunities and challenges to Turkey.Under the leadership of the AKP,Turkey has realized the political system Transformation from parliamentary system to presidential system at the political level,The major threat of the attempted coup and the lira currency crisis has been removed,and successfully realized the transformation from traditional diplomatic thinking of Kemalism—“home peace and world peace”to an aggressive foreign policy at the diplomatic level.Following the upheaval in the Middle East,in the face of the complicated and crisis-ridden situation in the Middle East Turkey gave full play to its geopolitical advantages,struggling in regional affairs and attacking from all sides.It not only achieved actual control of northern Syria,ensured national security interests,but also cooperated with the democratic unity government in Libya,signed the Mediterranean demarcation agreement and participated in the competition for Mediterranean oil and gas resources.Within 10 years after the upheaval in the Middle East,Turkey's domestic power has been consolidated,and its influence and dominance in regional affairs have also increased significantly.