两汉之际的《诗经》解读与传播

The Interpretation and Dissemination of"The Book of Songs"during a period of time between the Han and Later Han Dynasties

载录两汉之际《诗经》解读与传播的文献主要见于《汉书》和《后汉书》。《艺文志》提供了国家图书馆藏《诗经》传本和阐释著作的目录;《儒林传》记载了四家诗的承传情况;经学家传记丰富了《诗经》承传与解读的信息。《经典释文》等其他典籍对此有记载。这一时期经师在章句解诗时,由繁趋简;引用趋向经义阐释;齐、韩诗学者趋向以谶纬说《诗》;《毛诗》传授获得扶持,出现了卫宏、贾逵等著名学者及其阐释著作;四家诗呈现互相吸取、趋向融通的态势。这些深刻影响了此后诗经学的基本走向,使《诗经》由被应用转向被理解,为郑玄以《毛诗》为底本兼取三家诗奠定了重要基础。

During a period of time between the Han and Later Han Dynasties,the documents of interpretation and dissemination of"The Book of Songs"are mainly found in"The History of the Han Dynasty"and"The History of the Later Han Dynasty"."Catalogue of Ancient Academic Works"of"The History of the Han Dynasty"provides a catalogue of circulated versions and interpretive works of"The Book of Songs",which is collected by the National Library of the Han Dynasty."Biography of Confucian scholars"of"The History of the Han Dynasty"and"The History of the Later Han Dynasty"records the inheritance of the four sects explaining"The Book of Songs".The biography of Confucian scholars enriches information of succeeding and interpreting of"The Book of Songs".For this information,there are records in other classics such as"The Annotation of Classics".During this time,the method of interpretation of"The Book of Songs"by Confucian scholars went from complicated to simple.When they quoted"The Book of Songs",they explained the meaning of this book.Confucian scholars of surnamed Qi and Han began to use divination to interpret"The Book of Songs".The dissemination of"mao poem"was officially supported.In this process,famous scholars,such as Wei Hong and Jia Kui,and their works appeared.The four sects explaining"The Book of Songs"began to show a trend of mutual learning and integration.All these conditions together have influenced the Confucian scholars'research mode of"The Book of Songs"in the Later Han Dynasty.Their research on"The Book of Songs"have changed from quoting the verses to interpreting the meaning.At the same time,these conditions have laid an important foundation to interpret"The Book of Songs"for Zheng Xuan,which he has used"mao poem"as the basis and referred the other three sects explaining to interpret"The Book of Songs".