早期自发性高血压大鼠末梢微循环功能障碍和形态异常研究

Study on the Characteristics of Peripheral Microcirculation Dysfunction in Early Stage of Hypertensive Rats

目的:检测分析早期自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)末梢微循环功能障碍和形态变化及其与高血压的相关性。方法:选取8周龄SHR大鼠(SHR)组和正常血压WKY大鼠(对照组)各6只,先行复测收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压和脉压差,再使用激光多普勒血流成像仪、高功率针式激光多普勒微循环检测仪及激光微循环形态和功能分析仪,分别检测其耳廊边缘微循环血流灌注量、平均血流速度和不同生理来源血细胞聚集度、平均血细胞聚集度和不同生理来源血细胞聚集度、功能性微毛细血管密度、长度及迂曲度,采用Pearson分析上述指标组间差异及与血压指标的相关性。结果:SHR组与对照组相比,收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压、脉压差均显著升高(P<0.01),血流灌注量和平均血流速度显著降低(均P<0.01);心源性、呼吸源性血细胞聚集度明显升高(P<0.05);功能性微毛细血管密度和直径小于100μm的有效微血管的总长度明显降低和减少(P<0.01,P<0.05),其中直径在30-50μm的微血总长度减小最为显著(P<0.05);相关性分析显示SHR大鼠耳廓微循环的血流灌注量、平均血流速度(包括Band 3、Band 5)与其血压指标值呈显著或一定负相关,功能性微血管密度、直径<50μm微血管总长度及微血管迂曲度与其血压呈强或较强负相关,而Band 1、Band 2和Band 5血细胞聚集度与其血压指标呈强或较强正相关(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:在原发性高血压发病早期SHR已经出现不同程度和综合血管形态异常。

Objective:To detect and analysis of peripheral microcirculation dysfunction and morphological changes in early spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR)and their correlation with hypertension.Method:The 8-week-old SHR group and the normotensive WKY(control group)each had 6 animals.The systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,mean arterial pressure and pulse pressure difference were re-measured first,and then the laser Doppler flow imager and high-power needle laser were used.Doppler microcirculation detector and laser microcirculation morphology and function analyzer were used to detect the microcirculation blood perfusion volume,average blood flow velocity,average blood cell aggregation,functional microcapillary density,length and tortuosity of the ear edge respectively.Pearson was used to analyze the correlation between microcirculation test results and blood pressure.Results:Compared with the control group,the systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,mean arterial pressure,and pulse pressure difference in the SHR group were significantly increased(P<0.01),and the blood perfusion volume and mean blood flow velocity were significantly decreased(all P<0.01).The degree of aggregation of blood cells from blood and respiration was significantly increased(P<0.05);the density of functional microcapillaries and the total length of effective microcapillaries with a diameter of less than 100μm were significantly decreased and decreased(P<0.01,P<0.05).30-50μm microcapillaries total length decreased most significantly(P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the blood perfusion volume of the auricle microcirculation of SHRs was significantly negatively correlated with the blood pressure index values(P<0.05).Functional microcapillaries density,total length of microvessels with a diameter<50μm and microcapillaries tortuosity were strongly significantly or significantly negatively correlated with the blood pressure(P<0.05 or P<0.01).While Band 1,Band 2 and Band 5 blood cell aggregation were strongly significantly or significantly negatively correlated with the blood pressure indicators(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion:Different degrees and comprehensive vascular morphological abnormalities have appeared in SHR in the early stage of essential hypertension.