共轭亚油酸生理功能及微生物合成调控研究进展

Research progress on physiological function and microbial synthesis regulation of conjugated linoleic acid

共轭亚油酸(conjugated linoleic acid,CLA)是一种新型功能性油脂,顺9,反11-十八碳二烯酸(c9,t11-CLA)和反10,顺12-十八碳二烯酸(t10,c12-CLA)由于具有比其他异构体更强的生理功能得到广泛关注和研究。微生物合成CLA具有安全性高、选择特异性强等特点,研究CLA产量提高方式及合成调控机制对于后续CLA产品的开发具有重要意义。本文综述了共轭亚油酸(CLA)的多种生理功能和合成方式,阐述了能够合成CLA的菌株及其合成CLA的途径,重点介绍了微生物特别是乳酸菌合成CLA的机制,并对影响CLA产量的培养条件和合成CLA相关基因调控及表达进行了探讨,为CLA生物合成调控机制的研究提供参考。

Conjugated linoleic acid(CLA)is a new type of functional oil,cis9 trans11-octadecadienoic acid(c9,t11-CLA)and trans10,cis12-octadecadienoic acid(t10,c12-CLA)has been widely concerned and studied because of its stronger physiological function than other isomers.Microbial synthesis of CLA has the characteristics of high safety and strong selectivity.It is of great significance for the development of follow-up CLA products to study the mode of increasing CLA production and the regulation mechanism of CLA synthesis.In this paper,various physiological functions and synthesis modes of conjugated linoleic acid(CLA)were reviewed,and the strains capable of synthesizing CLA and their ways of synthesizing CLA were described.The mechanism of CLA synthesis by microorganisms,especially lactic acid bacteria,was emphatically introduced,and the culture conditions affecting CLA production,the regulation and expression of CLA-related genes were discussed,so as to provide a reference for the study of the regulation mechanism of CLA biosynthesis.