5种不同类型饮用水水质检测及分析

Detection and Analysis of Five Different Types of Drinking Water Quality

目的:通过微生物和理化指标检测,对比分析不同类型水净化前后的水质,为居民选择合理健康的饮用水提供参考。方法:取5种不同处理方式的水进行微生物、理化指标检测。具体项目为菌落总数、总大肠菌群、大肠埃希氏菌、耐热大肠菌群、pH、溶解性总固体、总硬度、砷、汞、铅、镉、硫酸盐、氯化物、氟化物和硝酸盐。结果:自来水、净化后的自来水15项指标都合格;井水共有6项指标不合格,分别是菌落总数、总大肠菌群、大肠埃希氏菌、耐热大肠菌群、溶解性总固体和总硬度;净化后井水、直饮水的菌落总数不合格。结论:井水水质卫生质量差,被粪便污染,水硬度高。净化后的水水质较好,但在净化、运输等过程中要防止二次污染。水质达到标准规定的前提下,在日常生活中人们可以根据自身对各类物质的需求,交替饮用自来水、净化水、直饮水和凉白开。

Objective:Through the detection of microorganisms and physical and chemical indicators,to compare and analyze the water quality of different types of water before and after purification,so as to provide a reference for residents to choose reasonable and healthy drinking water.Method:Five kinds of water with different treatment methods were tested for microbiological and physical and chemical indicators.The specific items are total number of colonies,total coliforms,thermotolerant coliform bacteria、Escherichia coli、pH、total dissolved solids、total hardness,arsenic、mercury、lead、cadmium、sulfate,chloride、fluoride and nitrate.Result:The 15 indicators of tap water and purified tap water are all qualified;there are 6 indicators of well water that are unqualified,namely total number of colonies,total coliforms,Escherichia coli,themotolerant coliform,total solubility solids and total hardness;aerobic plate count in well water and direct drinking water after purification is unqualified.Conclusion:The quality of the well water is poor,contaminated by feces,and the water hardness is high.The quality of purified water is better,but secondary pollution should be prevented in the process of purification and transportation.On the premise that the water quality meets the standard requirements,people can drink tap water,purified water,direct drinking water,and cool boiled water alternately according to their own needs for various substances in daily life.