基于MSPA与MCR模型的生态网络构建——以新乡市为例

Ecological network construction based on MSPA and MCR model——Taking Xinxiang City as an example

城市的肆意蔓延以及不断建造更新的灰色基础设施使城市景观格局呈现破碎化的状态.以新乡市为研究区,基于景观生态学和形态学空间格局分析(MSPA)来识别生态廊道,以Arc GIS为技术支撑,采用最小累积阻力模型(MCR)提取新乡市生态源地间潜在的生态廊道,结合重力模型对生态网络内斑块重要性进行分级,构建新乡市的生态网络空间,结合新乡市的发展需求,提出优化方案.结果表明:新乡市的生态源地总体规模较大,面积84819.06 hm^(2),占研究区景观要素面积的90.11%,分布不均匀,主要集中在北部以及南部,中部很少,且源地较为破碎化.构建出新乡市的潜在生态廊道共130条,重要廊道16条,一般廊道114条,需要增加生态源地以提高生境斑块间的连通性.新乡市的重要生态廊道主要是由北部生态源地向南扩散,增加了南北间景观的连通性,在进行规划时要重点保护此廊道及周边生态,保护研究区的生态环境.

The urban sprawl and the continuous construction of grey infrastructure make the urban landscape pattern show a state of fragmentation.Taking Xinxiang city as the study area,landscape ecology and morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) were used to identify ecological corridors.With ArcGIS as the technical support,the minimum cumulative resistance model (MCR) was used to extract the potential ecological corridors between xinxiang ecological source areas,and the gravity model was used to classify the importance of patches in the ecological network.The ecological network space of Xinxiang city was constructed,and the optimization scheme was proposed based on the development needs of Xinxiang city.The results showed that the ecological source area of Xinxiang city was larger in overall scale,with an area of 84 819.06 hm^(2),accounting for 90.11%of the area of landscape elements in the study area.The distribution was uneven,mainly concentrated in the north and south,and few in the middle,and the source area was fragmented.In xinxiang city,130 potential ecological corridors,16 important corridors and114 general corridors were constructed.Ecological source areas need to be increased to improve the connectivity between habitat patches.The important ecological corridor of Xinxiang city mainly spreads from the ecological source in the north to the south,increasing the connectivity of the landscape between the north and the south.In planning,we should focus on protecting this corridor and its surrounding ecology and protecting the ecological environment of the research area.